Fire-technical minimum for managers and specialists (PTM). Training, certification

The organization of counteraction to fires and the threat of their occurrence is an important task in any industry and in every organization. Let's consider what exactly is being done on the ground to ensure order in such a serious issue, that is, how is training in the fire-technical minimum in the organization, and what is it altogether.

Whom it concerns

Order No. 645 of the Ministry of Emergency Measures of the Russian Federation of December 12, 2007, which is called "On Approval of Fire Safety Standards," regulates all situations in which training in the rules of counteraction to a given disaster should be conducted and approves the list of persons responsible in this matter and who are required to undergo training in the prescribed manner .

These include all managers of enterprises (regardless of the form of ownership), department heads and key specialists. This also applies to individual entrepreneurs.

Briefing on MTC (fire and technical minimum) for managers and specialists is conducted within a month from the date of employment, annually for the administration and employees of those organizations that are related to explosive production. For employees of other enterprises, it is provided for once every three years.

Training and certification

According to the same order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the fire-technical minimum for managers and specialists provides for the possibility of training both in isolation from production and directly in the workplace. If an employee has passed the PTM certification, he has the right to instruct subordinates and other employees and fill out the journal in which he must sign.

The training program and the terms of certification are accepted according to the approved curricula. Successfully passed attestation is issued a certificate, the validity of which is 3 years.

What information is it necessary to necessarily own those who are responsible for fire safety in the enterprise? The norms of this responsible business are regulated by order number 645. Let us briefly consider the most basic.

Fire brigade and fire-technical minimum

According to this document, the responsibility for the organization and timely training of employees on this topic, as well as knowledge verification, is assigned to the administration (the owner of the organization), a specific official or entrepreneur (IP). It also concerns labor contracts with the employer under the legislation of the Russian Federation. Control the process of organizing training fire control authorities.

What is the form of the training? There are two main varieties. One of them - in the form of fire briefing, the other - in the study of the required minimum of thematic knowledge. Let us dwell in more detail on each of these forms.

The task of briefing is to bring to each employee fire regulations, to inform about the degree of danger inherent in the technological process of a particular production and available equipment. They are provided with a study of the ways and means of protection, the necessary measures that must be taken when a threat or an outbreak occurs.

What issues are to be studied?

The forms of holding such a briefing are contained in special training programs, which are brought to the heads and owners of organizations. And at its carrying out it is necessary to adhere to specificity of activity of this or that organization.

What specific issues are to be learned by those who pass the fire brigade? It is mandatory for the rules of maintaining buildings, premises and territory, including evacuation routes and water supply networks, both external and internal. Those who have been instructed must be familiar with the fire alarm systems and have an idea of the organization of the evacuation process.

At each particular plant, there are own requirements specific to the process and corresponding measures to ensure their implementation. In addition, learners should learn by heart the rules governing the conduct of fire work, the use of firefighting equipment and the proper call of specialists.

Induction training

The briefing can be different in nature and timing. It can be primary, when entering the workplace, introductory, as well as repeated, targeted or unplanned. Each of these varieties must be recorded in a special accounting journal, certified by the signature of the instructor and the one who passed the training.

When exactly is one or the other of its species carried out? The introductory must be carried out by the head or by the person appointed by his order, who is responsible for fire safety, with all employees who are recruited irrespective of their qualification or work experience. This applies to seasonal workers, seconded workers, passing industrial practice and other categories.

It should be carried out in the designated room, using visual aids and methodological materials and according to an approved special program that is developed in accordance with fire safety standards.

In the end of the fire brigade training, practical training should be organized - the development of fire fighting skills, which is aimed at testing practical knowledge.

About the initial briefing

The initial briefing is organized directly on the workplaces, individually with each incoming employee, seconded, transferred to a new site. He is also organized with construction specialists for construction and installation works within the territory of the enterprise, as well as with students who have come to practice.

He is led by a person appointed by the head as responsible for fire safety in a separate structural unit. The program also includes, in addition to theoretical information, practical exercises and the study of the skills of using primary means for extinguishing, helping the victims, fire regulations and evacuation rules.

If the organization is classified as fire hazardous or involves a massive stay in the building of people (in the number of 50 or more people), each employee must have the ability to act quickly in case of fire using all necessary means. Initial briefing is possible with a group of employees, if they serve the same type of equipment at the same workplace.

What is re-instruction and when is it needed?

Repeated fire brigade must be subjected to all employees regardless of the nature of duties, experience or qualifications at least once a year. If it is a question of fire-hazardous production, the frequency of this activity is once a half-year or more often.

To conduct it, special schedules of classes are developed, approved by the order of the head. Instruction is conducted individually or with a small group of people working on the same type of equipment. In its course, the knowledge of the basic rules, the skills of using the primary means of extinguishing the fire, the ability to organize evacuation are checked.

Other types - unscheduled and target

What is unplanned briefing and in what cases is it required? It is produced when the previously established rules and norms are put into operation or changed, equipment is upgraded or replaced, the technological production process changes with respect to factors affecting the state of the facility in terms of fire safety.

It must be compulsorily carried out if there has been a violation of the safety standards by the workers that led to the occurrence of a fire, as well as in cases of requirements of the state supervision bodies if insufficient knowledge of the employees is revealed.

Other situations when an unscheduled briefing is needed: long breaks in work (for more than a month), unsatisfactory knowledge of important requirements by employees. The content and quantity of it depends on the specific circumstances that cause it.

Carrying out the target fire-brigade training is obligatory in case of one-time works of high fire danger (for example, welding), reports of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes, while conducting fire works in explosive production. It is also obligatory in case of any activities with students, when preparing excursions and mass stay of people in buildings and premises (meetings, conferences, meetings), if the number of participants is more than 50 people.

Fire-technical minimum for managers and specialists as a concept

What is it and who is obliged to own it? How is training in the fire-technical minimum in the organization? This is the normative amount of knowledge about the organization's safety with respect to fire threat, protective regime and the features of the technological process of any production. Includes, in addition, the necessary actions and techniques to save people's health and life, the organization's property in emergency cases, as well as practical skills in the prevention of a natural disaster and, if necessary, the competent organization of the evacuation process.

Training on the fire-technical minimum of managers is an obligatory procedure. In addition, all specialists and employees who are appointed responsible for fire safety are required to pass it. If the organization is not associated with a fire hazardous production, such training should be carried out within a month from the date of employment.

Periodicity and timing

Fire-technical minimum for managers and specialists should be conducted at least annually. If the employee has the qualification of a technician or a fire safety engineer or he is a teacher in the "fire safety" discipline with an experience of continuous work in this field for 5 years or more, he can be relieved from training PTM during the first year of work.

The organization of the fire-technical minimum is the task of the head. This can be done directly at the workplace or with a break from production. Who else has to go through it? In addition to managers, chief specialists, as well as those who replace them, they include leaders of voluntary fire protection, administration of health resort suburban institutions for children, workers dealing with gas and electric welding and other types of fire works, etc.

Where is the training conducted

In the case of training with a separation from production, it is conducted in the training centers of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia, related to the federal fire service, as well as in educational institutions that have a fire and technical profile. Such training can be conducted in the civil defense training center or in the subdivisions of the fire service.

Train specialists and managers of organizations involved in fire and explosive production, should be in specialized centers that have at their disposal the appropriate equipped classes. Directly in the organization to study PTM have the right heads of departments, teachers in pre-school institutions, staff around the clock protection, volunteers and firefighters.

Certification

After the completion of the training process, the PTM is tested. It is dealt with by a commission specially commissioned by the administration, consisting of three or more people. They can be leaders and teachers of the training organization, experts of government bodies and state supervision.

If it is a question of testing the knowledge of workers who are on the job, as a rule, the commission consists of employees who have already passed the fire and technical minimum. Tests included in the verification program are regulated by its initiator.

The federal authorities in accordance with the specifics of production activities for the exam are developed control questions. The fire-technical minimum is obliged to have in its composition a practical section (actions in case of fire and the ability to handle primary fire extinguishing means). Their list is also drawn up by management.