Fibroids of the uterus. All about the disease, its symptoms and treatment

Uterine fibroids are benign mature tumors that consist of connective tissue and come from the walls of the uterus. The size of the fibroid may be different, the minimum size may be less than a millimeter, and the maximum size may be up to several centimeters. The appearance and growth of the fibrotic tumor proceeds without visible and tangible signs. There are two types of uterine fibroid: either it is a cluster of nodes, or one seal.

According to statistics, this disease is diagnosed in women, the average age of which varies from 30 to 40 years. This is a common type of tumor in women, which only in 25% of cases requires removal, in other cases, fibroids are not dangerous and are treated medically.

There are several types of fibroids. Their classification is based on the location of the tumor within the uterus.

1. Submucosal fibroids. Such a fibroid grows under the uterine membrane, inside the uterine cavity. With the growth of this fibroids, pain and spasms often occur, bleeding occurs.
2. Under-sowing fibroids. This type of tumor is formed outside the uterus on the outside. Fibromas of this type do not manifest themselves in any way, until they become such a size that interferes with the work of neighboring organs.
3. Interstitial fibroid of the uterus. This tumor is very common, it is formed on the walls of the organ. The growth of such fibers leads to an increase in the size of the uterus.
4. Interconnected fibroma. This type of fibroma is formed between the supporting ligament of the uterus. Removal of these tumors is very risky, there is a high probability of damage to the blood vessels and other organs.
5. Stem fibroid. This kind of fibroid appears as a result of the formation of the stem in a subserous tumor. The increase in stalked fibroids is accompanied by an excess of the leg and leads to severe pain.
6. Parasitic fibroids. These fibroids are very rare, they are characterized by the fact that tumors join other organs, and this can lead to cervical uterine fibroid.

Fibroids of the uterus: symptoms

In most women suffering from fibroids of the uterus, the disease is asymptomatic and only 16-25% show symptoms.

The presence of a tumor of the uterus can be accompanied by heavy menstruation (menorrhagia), turning into bleeding, which often cause anemia. In some cases, uterine bleeding has an acyclic character.

Menorrhagia is characterized by severe pain and spasms, as well as secretion of dark blood clots. Pain often occurs in the intermenstrual period. With uterine fibroid a woman feels heaviness in the lower abdomen, pressure on the stomach, pain during urination and during sex, and frequent flatulence. In this disease, all these symptoms can be observed, either together, or one or more separately.

Fibroids of the uterus: treatment

Methods of treating a tumor may be different, they depend on the size, type and stage of fibroid growth. All women who have this disease are under the supervision of a gynecologist.

If the patient is troubled by pain, bleeding, and cramping, then she is prescribed a remedy that relieves or minimizes these symptoms. With severe pain prescribed strong painkillers, and with severe bleeding recommend taking drugs with a high content of iron. Also, to slow the growth, fibromas are prescribed for taking birth control medications or hormone therapy, which reduces the level of estrogen.

Another option is embolization of the fallopian tubes. In this procedure, there is a blockage of blood vessels, through which the flow of blood to the fibroids stops and it stops growing. Such treatment is often used in tumors for which surgical intervention is dangerous.

But in general, treatment is aimed at removing fibroids. There are several operations that make this possible.

Hysterectomy is a type of surgery that removes fibroids along with the uterus.

Myomectomy is an operation that removes fibroids without removing the uterus. Such an operation is used for women who are of childbearing age and plan the birth of a child.

Hysteroscopic resection is a procedure in which fibroids are removed through the cervix. In this operation, a micro-chamber and the necessary instruments are inserted through the cervix.