Fable as a genre of literature. Form of speech fables

Acquaintance of a person with a fable occurs in school. It is here that for the first time we begin to understand its deep meaning, to draw the first conclusions from the read and try to act correctly, although this does not always work out. Today we will try to figure out what it is, and find out what the form of the fable's speech is.

What is a fable?

Before you figure out what the form of the fable's speech is, let's figure out what it is. Fables are called a fairy tale of small dimensions, written in a moralizing manner. Its actors are animals and inanimate objects. Sometimes the protagonists of the fable are people. May have a poetic form or be written in prose.

Fable - this is what form of speech? We will find out about this later, and now we will talk about its structure. The fable consists of two parts - narrative and conclusion, which is considered a specific advice, rule or instruction, "attached" to the narrative. This conclusion is usually located at the end of the work, but can be submitted at the beginning of the composition. Some authors also present it in the form of the final word of one of the fairy tale characters. But no matter how the reader tries to see the output in a separately written line, he can not do this, since he is registered in a latent form, as self-evident in connection with the events and conversations given. Therefore, the question: "What is a fable?" - you can answer that this is a literary work with a sound and instructive conclusion.

Form of speech fables

Continuing to study this genre of literature, let us dwell on the following question. What is the form of the speech of the fable? Most often, the authors of the work refer to allegory and direct speech. But there are also works in the genre of didactic poetry, in a short narrative form. But it is necessarily a work, plot finished and subject to allegorical interpretation. There must be a moral that is veiled.

The original form of Krylov's fables is original. The Russian writer, of course, relied on the work of his predecessors - Aesop, Phaedrus, Lafontaine. However, he did not try to imitate their works, translate them, but created his own original fables. As a rule, he used direct speech and allegory, dialogues.

Famous fabulists

The fable came to us from the times of Ancient Greece. From here we know such names as Aesop (the greatest author of antiquity), the second largest fabulist - Phaedrus. He was the author of not only his own works, but also engaged in translations and alterations of Aesop's works. In ancient Rome, what was a fable was known to Avian and Nekkam. In the Middle Ages, such authors as Steinguevel, Nick Pergamen, B. Paprotsky, Erasmus Rotterdam and many other authors were engaged in writing fairy tales with an instructive conclusion. The French poet Jean Lafontaine (seventeenth century) became famous for his works in this genre.

Fable in Russian literature

In the 15-16 centuries in Russia, successes were those fables that came from the East through Byzantium. Although before that time, the readers have already formed some opinion about what it is. A little later, people began to study Aesop's works, and in 1731 Cantemir even wrote six fables. True, in this he visibly imitated the works of the ancient Greek author, but still the works of Cantemir can be considered Russian.

Chemnitzer, Sumarokov, Trediakovsky, Dmitriev worked hard to create their own and translations of foreign fables. During the Soviet period, Demyan Bednyi, Mikhalkov and Glibov were particularly popular.

Well, the most famous Russian fabulist was and still is Ivan Andreevich Krylov. The flowering of his work took place at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The heroes of the works most often were animals and inanimate objects. They act like people, but their behavior derides the vices of human nature. Many animals personify some character trait. For example, the fox symbolizes cunning, the lion is courage, the goose is stupid, the owl is wisdom, the hare is cowardly, and so on. Original, brilliant and perfect Krylov fables have been translated into many European and Oriental languages. The fabulist himself made a significant contribution to the development of this genre and literature in general in Russia. Perhaps that is why his sculpture among other outstanding personalities took its place on the monument "Millennium of Russia" in the ancient city of Veliky Novgorod.

Summarize

So, we figured out what fable is, how it happened, where we lived and how the creators of this genre were called. We found out who the best fabulists in the world were, and studied the features of their works. And we also know what the structure of this literary masterpiece is and what it teaches. Now the reader knows what to say when he receives the assignment: "Open the concept of a fable". The form of speech and the special language of these works will not leave anyone indifferent.