Excursion to Ancient Egypt: rulers

The rulers of Egypt were called pharaohs. This name has ancient Greek roots and is mentioned in the Bible. It is said that in Egyptian it means "a magnificent house, palace". Therefore, the pharaoh was the one who owned the magnificent house. According to some sources, the rulers of Egypt, the list of which we will quote below, were originally not called pharaohs, but "bear". However, each of them had a certain title and title.

Who is the first ruler of Egypt?

In the history of this country, the names of gods and pharaohs sometimes intertwine. For example, according to legend, the first ruler of Egypt after his death began to be considered one of the most revered gods in this country. Therefore, historians sometimes find it very difficult to understand which of them is historical and who is a mythological person. Starting from the Pre-Dynastic period, it becomes possible to name the names of specific lords. Nevertheless, in the most reliable sources describing Ancient Egypt, the rulers, or rather the first dynasty, originate from Menes, ruling the whole country. His reign refers to the 4th millennium BC. In the sources there are also testimonies of the pharaohs Namer and Aga, but scientists Are inclined to think that the first was still Menes. Since its days for 3 millennia, all the rulers of Egypt, including Cleopatra, have been recognizable. During this period, the country was ruled by pharaohs from the 33rd dynasty, it is impossible to name the exact figure in this case, it is also very difficult to determine the dates of their reign. By the way, according to local customs, regardless of the gender of the ruler, whether it be a woman or a man, he was called a pharaoh. The most famous of the rulers, of course, was Hatshepsut.

Excursion to Ancient Egypt: the ruler and his subordinates

Pharaoh in this ancient country was the supreme ruler both over the people and over the clergy. On the hierarchical staircase they were followed by a class of educated bureaucracy: noblemen, priests and civil servants. Below them stood a class of ordinary people engaged in agriculture. The first country in which the pharaoh was considered the son of God is Ancient Egypt. The ruler was perceived by his subordinates as the embodied god-falcon Horus (Horus) - the son of Osiris.

Rituals

After one of the pharaohs was dying, his successor was to reliably bury the previous pharaoh. Because, according to legend, the god Horus in order to return the throne of his father, fought with his uncle-fratricide Sem. Sometimes the heir was crowned during the life of his father. In this case, he became the co-regent of the incumbent pharaoh. Inaccuracies in the historical calculations that are conducted around Ancient Egypt are due to the fact that there was no dating in it. The chronology was conducted according to the dates of the reign of the pharaohs of the country, called Ancient Egypt. The rulers demanded a special record from their priests for this. However, in view of the fact that there were co-rulers, a confusion ensued, in which it is impossible to understand to this day.

Power of the Pharaoh

By modern standards, the ruler of Ancient Egypt can be called an absolute monarch, because he was both the supreme commander-in-chief of troops, and supreme Priest, and head of administration, therefore, the absolute monarchy first originated in the African country Ancient Egypt. Rulers in it were taken by the people for divine beings. They were worshiped and believed in their powerful and supernatural power.

Ancient Egypt: rulers on the list

Here are the names of some Pharaohs of this ancient country, whose names have been preserved for future generations.

1. Tiu is the Pharaoh of the pre-dynastic period in Lower Egypt.

2. Scorpio 1-st - also is the first pharaoh of the same period, only in Upper Egypt.

3. From the reign of Menes begins the first dynasty.

4. The famous Tutathamon is the Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty.

5. Ramesses the Great - to the 19th.

6. Cleopatra is considered the last on the list. It belonged to the 33rd dynasty of the rulers of Egypt.