Electroneuromyography (ENMG) of the lower extremities: price, purpose and application. How do EMG?

Today we will tell you what is the ENMG of the upper and lower extremities. In addition, you will learn how the procedure is carried out, when it is assigned and how much it costs.

General information

Electroneuromyography of the lower extremities (or upper) is a diagnostic method by which the functions of the peripheral nervous system are controlled . Using electrical impulses, specialists can quickly determine the location, extent and cause of violations of their conduct.

What is it assigned for?

ENMG of the lower extremities is a well-proven method of functional diagnostics. Its main objectives are:

• The definition of the topic and the nature of the damage, as well as the prevalence of the process itself;
• Determination of the degree of disturbances in work or damage to the neuromuscular system;
• Determination of the degree of severity of the pathological process.

In which cases should be conducted?

Electroneuromyography of the lower extremities (the price of this procedure is presented below) is often used by the treating doctor for setting and clarifying the diagnosis (a wide range of diseases of the nervous peripheral system). In addition, this method is used to determine the tactics of further therapy, the prognosis of the development of the disease.

So, ENMH of the lower extremities is performed in the following cases:

• Traumatic injuries of the radial, ulnar, median, femoral, large and peroneal nerve, as well as other nerves of the human peripheral system;
• With plexopathy (that is, lesions of the nervous plexuses of the anterior spinal branches, in which sensitive, trophic and motor disorders are observed);
• With polyneuropathy of different origin:

- with post-diphtheria, postvaccinal polyneuropathy;

- with lead, chlorophosic polyneuropathy (i.e., lesion of motor nerve fibers);

- with dismetabolic polyneuropathy, which can arise due to the presence of somatic diseases, that is, diabetes, liver and kidney disease, as well as the digestive canal, etc .;

- with diabetic polyneuropathy ;

- with polyneuropathy, which arose against the background of vasculitis or systemic diseases of connective tissue.

• Neural amyotrophy (Charcot-Marie-Toot disease) ;
• Tunneling neuropathy;
• Osteochondrosis of the spine, which is accompanied by the presence of radicular syndrome;
• Syringomyelia, that is, a chronic disease of the nervous system, which is accompanied by the appearance of voids in the spinal cord.

What does the ENMG of the lower extremities include?

The diagnostic method presented includes:

• Hardware evaluation of the performance of sensitive fibers of the peripheral system;
• Neurological examination;
• Hardware evaluation of the performance of motor fibers of the peripheral system;
• Clarification of the degree of damage to muscle tissue and the extent of their involvement in the pathological process (carried out with the help of a needle electrode);
• Analysis of all received information, as well as writing an opinion.

After the ENMG of the lower extremities (or upper), a specialist writes a conclusion, indicating the degree, localization, and pathogenetic type (if any) of the lesion of the nervous peripheral system.

Another area of application

It should be specially noted that the health of certain internal organs depends on the state of the individual elements of the nervous peripheral system. In this regard, the presented method is very often used to diagnose urological, endocrinological and other diseases.

What is the difference between EMG and ENMG?

Electroneuromyography includes the investigation of impulses carried along nerve fibers. As for electromyography, this is only a kind of registration of electrical activity, which arises from the reduction of muscle tissue. Although in practice, the modern algorithm for such a study does not provide EMG implementation in isolation, that is without studying the speed of carrying out pulses along nerve fibers. That is why, when the attending doctor suggests the patient to do electromyography, the latter can safely be recorded on ENMG.

Electroneuromyography of the lower extremities: how are they doing?

This procedure is carried out using a special device - a myograph. He registers the nature of contractions of muscle tissue and the degree of conduction of nerve fibers. For this, the patient is placed on a special couch, and then the sensors are placed on certain parts of his legs, which later evaluate and transmit to the screen the data on neuromuscular impulses. In other words, such a device determines the state of the motor and sensory nerves of the legs, which further facilitates the diagnosis and the choice of the necessary therapy.

Types of examination

Electroneuromyography of the lower limbs, the price of which depends directly on the chosen method of diagnosis, is divided into three different types:

1. Needled ENMG. This procedure is based on the study of the functional activity of muscle tissue. It is carried out with the help of special needle electrodes, which are injected directly into the muscles.
2. Superficial ENMG. This method reveals the efficiency of the passage of nerve impulses along nerve peripheral fibers. This is done with the help of surface electrodes, which are superimposed on certain parts of the body and skin areas. This method of investigation allows you to register the activity of muscle tissue with their arbitrary reduction.
3. Stimulating ENMG. This procedure is similar to the surface procedure. However, it requires simultaneous stimulation of nerve fibers that are at a remote distance from the recording electrodes.

Thus, the use of all three methods allows very quickly and reliably assess the state of the human neuromuscular system. In addition, these methods help diagnose the stage, extent and level of the pathological process, as well as determine the existing deviation.

Duration of the procedure

Electroneuromyography is prescribed by physicians individually and depends on the delivered (often inconclusive) diagnosis. On average, this procedure lasts for 60 minutes. In most cases, clinic specialists, where ENMG is performed, use only disposable electrodes for research. In this case, the conclusion is issued to the patient on the hands on the day of the procedure.

The cost of electroneuromyography

How much does a procedure like ENMG of the lower extremities cost? The price of this study varies depending on what kind of species it is used:

• Stimulation standard electroneuromyography, including needle - about 3000-3500 Russian rubles.
• Extended electroneuromyography (1 degree of complexity), including needle - about 4000 Russian rubles.
• Electroneuromyography expanded 2nd degree of complexity, including needle - about 5000 Russian rubles.

It should be specially noted that all these prices are conditional and can vary significantly in different medical institutions.