Electrical wiring for internal wiring: requirements

Installation of electrical communications inside the premises is quite a serious matter. Wires electrical for internal wiring provide the supply of energy of appropriate quality. The system must perform all the functions assigned to it in full, and also meet the requirements of electrical and fire safety.

To adjust the system, it is necessary to pay attention to the material and the construction of electrical wires for internal wiring, as well as their type and cross-section.

Types of wire laying

There are three options for installing wires inside the room: open, combined and hidden.

Open wiring is easy to install, does not require the preparation of mines for communications. Its essential disadvantage is the non-compliance with electrical safety requirements. And the overall appearance of such an installation is rather unaesthetic. Therefore, such installation is not used in living quarters.

The combined method involves conducting electrical messages in special boxes. Such installation also does not require the laying of mines inside the walls, but the electrician is hiding in special plastic channels. The view of the system is quite aesthetic, and the safety requirements are fully observed.

The most common is the hidden wiring, which is located inside the plaster. Its downside is a rather complicated procedure for updating the system. Electrical wires for internal wiring under the old days in the current conditions are not able to provide an increased need for electricity. But their replacement will require the opening of mines and the conduct of new communications.

Wire assignment

An electrical wire consists of one or more wires that conduct current.

According to the purpose of the energy message, the wires are divided into several types.

• Mounting wire. This type of conductors is used in the process of installing circuit diagrams on the board, boards and panels. More often there are multi-strand types of products. All wires are covered with a special layer of solder of lead or tin. Fastening is carried out both by soldering, and bolts with nuts.
• Winding wire. It acts as the main element of coils and windings in transformers, electromagnetic relays, measuring instruments and electric motors.
• Installation wire. It is used for internal wiring of electrical wires in both old and new systems. Can have from one to three veins.
• The cord is used to connect household electrical appliances.
• The cable serves as a conductor for supplying electricity to powerful installations.

Core material

The core of the electric wire for internal wiring, according to safety requirements, can be made of copper or aluminum. The second option is often used.

With identical current loads, the cross section of the aluminum core should be greater than that of copper. The reliability of the connections of this material is also lower. This is due to such properties of aluminum as fluidity and oxidizability.

Copper wires are connected by twisting and soldering. This material is less prone to corrosion and has greater conductivity and strength.

Aluminum in the joints can warm, which does not meet the requirements of fire safety.

Wire cross-section

The cable can consist of several cores. Their cross-section (diameter) is selected depending on the current strength. This figure is the minimum for copper 1 square. Mm, and for aluminum - 2 square meters. Mm.

Selecting electric wires for internal wiring, the requirements and characteristics of which should ensure the operation of 5 kW of power of the device, it is necessary to stop on a copper wire section of 3.2 square meters. Mm.

Aluminum provides only 62% of the conductivity of copper. Therefore, if the required cross-section of copper is 2.5 square meters. Mm, then an aluminum wire for the same conductivity will be required with a diameter of 4 square meters. Mm.

The cross-section needs to be selected with a power reserve, because in time it may be necessary to connect another consumer to this conductor.

Wire marking

To understand the variety of wire types, it is necessary to understand its labeling.

If the type of wire is the letter "A", then the vein is made of aluminum. In the case where there is no such letter, the material of the product is copper.

For example, the electrical wires for the internal wiring "3 * 2.5" can be decoded as "three-core cable with cross-section 2.5 sq. Mm."

The first letter of the symbolism refers to the material of the vein, the second denotes the wire, the third indicates the insulation. It can be "R" - rubber, "B" - polyvinyl chloride, "P" - polyethylene.

The presence of the letter "G" in the marking indicates that the wire is flexible.

For example, the marking of wires for internal wiring, which has the designation VVG, indicates that the product has a vein of copper, polyvinyl chloride insulation, and that the wire is flexible.

Modern types of wire

In the light of the growing demand for electricity, the market for such communications offers a wide range of products.

There are single-core, multi-strand solid and multi-wire copper wires of series PV.

This group includes electric wires for internal wiring of VVG. Their popularity is due to high reliability.

For dry and wet rooms, you can use ABBG wires. They are similar to the previous type of cable, but the core is made of aluminum. Therefore, the cross section of this type of communication should be selected more than a similar copper conductor.

Conductors of the PNPP type have proved very useful. They have reinforced insulation.

If the room is characterized by a high level of fire danger, it is recommended to use NUN products. They are equipped with a special fire-fighting substance, which, with a sharp increase in temperature, releases fire retardant. They are also characterized by moisture resistance and plasticity.

Having become acquainted with the variety of electrical conductors presented today, it is possible to make the right choice of these communications. The main criteria are fire safety, provision of the necessary power and uninterrupted operation of the system.

Electrical wiring for internal wiring, selected and properly installed, will last for a long time. A competent approach to the replacement and installation of wiring guarantees the quality and reliability of operation of the entire system.