Electric motor 220V: description, characteristics, connection features

The 220V motor is a simple and widely used device. Due to this tension it is often used in household appliances. However, it is not without flaws. About what are these electric motors, their use, disadvantages and ways to solve problems, as well as the possibility of connecting to the network, we'll tell in the article.

Single-phase devices. Description

Consider an asynchronous electric motor 220V, 2.2 kW, single-phase for 3000 revolutions. Such electric motors can be in the eightieth or ninety casing.

The first view means that from the engine mounting site to the center of its shaft there is a distance of eighty millimeters. The diameter of the shaft will be twenty-two millimeters, and the key - six by six millimeters. The length of the shaft is fifty millimeters, and the weight is about twenty-two kilograms.

The ninth body means that the distance from the motor location to the center of the shaft is ninety millimeters. The gross diameter is twenty-four millimeters, and the key is seven by eight millimeters. The length is fifty millimeters, and the weight is almost twenty-two kilograms.

The factories producing a 220V electric motor with such parameters are:

• Mogilev Electromechanical Plant (model АИРЕ 80С2).
• Luninetsky "Polesielektromash" (models АИРЕ80D2 and АИРЕ 90L2).
• Yaroslavl "Eldin" (model RAE90L2).
• Mednogorskiy "Uralelectro" (model ADMEE80S2).

Problems and solutions

All these models become household due to electric motors operating at 220 volts. They are mounted on machines for polishing parquet, looping, on woodworking machines, crushers, compressor and drilling rigs and so on. The disadvantage of AIEP is that they have a weak starting torque.

We can consider, as an example, an electric motor 220V in the compressor units АИРЕ80С2. Pressure from an empty receiver here is typed without problems. Let's take the upper limit of ten atmospheres, after which the motor will shut off. Air will be consumed from six to eight atmospheric pressure units.

But when the compressor automatics commands to turn on, then AIR 80 or 90 can not start and just hum. This residual pressure of the receiver presses on the pistons, preventing the motor from spinning. And this happens not only on the compressor. Any asynchronous single-phase electric motor 220V AIR will have a similar problem. To solve it, it is recommended to install an additional capacitor, which should only work to start the engine, that is, about two to three seconds. If the technician works only on one switching mode, then the button PNVS can be installed. Then, by holding it, two capacitors start working immediately, and when released, the additional mechanism will shut down.

If automatic is used for switching on, it is necessary to assemble the circuit taking into account the time relay and the starter from the magnet.

Connectivity

In the house, an electrical network of 220 volts is the most convenient source of power for household appliances. Some engines are capable of operating directly from it, but others require additional equipment.

Usually there is no question of how to connect a 220V single-phase asynchronous motor. It is simply connected to the network. But the disadvantage here is that the efficiency will be very small.

Instruction for different types of instrument

Two-phase motor operation will require two parts: a paper condenser of at least five hundred watts and a step-down automatic transformer, since most such electric motors operate for one hundred and ten watts. For a winding with direct connection, you just need to apply the required voltage, and the other must be fed through a capacitor. But it is permissible to use only paper types.

Three-phase electric motors are not designed for capacitors. Therefore, they can only be used at the lowest loads. Otherwise, the windings just burn. The rated load must be supplied from a real three-phase network.

If it is necessary to connect a universal collector motor with series excitation, the winding is connected to a collector-brush assembly. After loading the shaft, the device with which the motor will operate will supply the required voltage.

Usually DC collector motors are low-voltage. Therefore, to connect an electric motor of 3000 rpm. Min 220V, it is necessary to apply a suitable power supply with a transformer and a rectifier.

Connection of three-phase motor

At present, cases where motorists use an electric motor are not uncommon. If it needs to be replaced or repaired, the question may arise as to how to connect the motor to the 220V network. The three-phase motor can easily be activated without calling specialists using the following recommendations.

A screwdriver, a thermal relay, an insulation tape, an automatic device, a magnetic starter and a tester can be used as tools.

detailed instructions

The old motor is removed and the zero wire is marked with an electrical tape. If it is reinstalled, the zero wire can be easily identified using the indicator. At the end of his lamp will not light up.

The new engine is added with a magnetic starter, as well as with an automatic and thermal relay. The reinforcement is installed in the shield.

The thermal relay is connected to the starter. Choosing the latter, you need to be sure that it corresponds to the power of the motor.

Reinforcing input terminals are connected to the terminals of the machine, except for the zero wire. The output terminals are connected to the same thermal relay. At the output of the starter, connect the cable directly to the motor.

At a power of less than one kilowatt, the machine can be connected, bypassing the magnetic starter.

To connect the electric motor remove the cover. The terminals will be connected to the terminal block in the form of a triangle or a star. The ends of the cable are connected to the pads. With the shape of the star, the contacts are connected in turn.

If the conclusions are arranged randomly, then use a tester. It is connected to the ends, searching for windings. After that, they combine both with the shape of the star, and the terminals of the coils are assembled into a point. The other ends connect the cable.

The engine is covered with a lid and the mechanism is checked. If the shaft rotates in the wrong direction, which you need, any wires on the input are simply swapped.