Delphinium: care and cultivation. Planting of the Delphinium in Autumn

Sometimes on the flower beds in the yards of experienced gardeners you can see a majestic and unusually spectacular plant - the delphinium. Care and cultivation of the plant - the procedure is rather complicated and troublesome. Often it happens that from seeds bought in the store grow not very beautiful flowers with a loose inflorescence. In order to get lush bright plants, you need to observe certain technologies.

Description of the plant

Delphinium is a powerful perennial with a height of 80 cm to 2 m. The flowers are collected in hedge-shaped or paniculate inflorescences, elongated to 50 cm. Buds can be terry or simple. Petals are often painted in white, blue, blue or purple. Inside each flower grows two petals in contrast to the main bouquet of colors. They are called staminoids and are necessary for a plant to attract insects. In terry varieties, such petals are absent.

Planting of seeds

So, what kind of plant is needed for such a plant as delphinium, care? And the cultivation and breeding of these flowers implies the observance of certain technologies. Of course, plants must first be properly planted. You can buy the seeds of delphinium in the store. Before planting, they must be kept in the refrigerator. For more than a year, you can not store seeds.

At the first stage, small containers (for example, plastic cups) - a good place for growing young seedlings of plants such as delphinium. Planting is done in steamed and well-moistened soil. The earth should not reach the top of the cups by 1 cm. Seeds are spread about 2 cm apart and slightly pressed into the soil. Then they are sprinkled with dry earth. You do not need to water. Each container should be wrapped in a black film and placed in the refrigerator for about two weeks.

Growing seedlings

After the appearance of the first shoots, the cups are transferred to the window sill, removing the polyethylene. Each must be covered with a transparent lid. Thus, the seedlings are grown until they reach it. Once a day, the cap must be removed for ventilation. Water the seedlings very carefully. It is best to do this by a thin trickle from a syringe, filling the latter with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Twice a week, seedlings need to be fed with a nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer with the addition of "Epin" (2 ampules per 10 liters of water).

Dive

As soon as the seedlings will have the first leaves (2-3), they will need to be transplanted in a larger container. You can take the usual seedling boxes. Deepen the plant to the point where the first real leaves grow. In the open ground, grown up delphiniums are transferred immediately after the termination of frost.

Selecting a location for delphiniums

Only in a well-lit area can you get a beautiful spectacular delphinium. Care of these plants will subsequently consist solely in periodic fertilizing and seating. The klumbu must be broken in a place protected from the wind. The fact is that delphiniums - plants are quite high, but because of heavy loads they just break. For the same reason shoots longer than half a meter tied to pegs. Do not land delphiniums in places where groundwater is close to the surface.

Soil preparation

So, how to plant a delphinium? Care and cultivation will be successful only if the flower beds for plants are properly prepared. The soil of delphiniums is fond of weakly acidic or neutral, well-fertilized. Under the bed, a pit is dug out and filled with soil, consisting of carefully mixed garden soil, sand and overripe compost. In order for plants to develop better, Kemir fertilizer can be added to the soil. Planted seedlings should be properly poured. Abundantly moisten the soil under the plants will need to periodically - before rooting. Plant bushes at a distance of at least 70 cm from each other.

Delphinium: care and cultivation. How to fertilize?

For the first time, the delphinium is fertilized in the spring. In order to obtain lush inflorescences, a nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus fertilizer (with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus) should be applied to seedlings. In the spring, peat is poured under the bushes (2 cm layer). Once plants pick up color, they need to be fertilized again. This time, 30 g of potassium and 50 g of superphosphate per 1 m ^{2 of} soil are introduced into the soil. In August, ammonium sulfate (30 g), potassium chloride (20 g), ammonium nitrate (10 g) and superphosphate (60 g) can be added to the plants.

How to water?

Watering adult plants require only very droughty periods. The root system of delphiniums is developed simply remarkably and goes deep into the earth. Therefore, under normal conditions, the plant is able to extract enough moisture to grow independently. However, the soil under the newly planted or newly transplanted delphiniums should be watered.

Delphinium: planting in autumn

If desired, you can plant delphiniums in the fall. Do this in late August or early September. In this case, the beds are prepared in exactly the same way as in the spring. Garden land is mixed with humus, "Kemira" and compost. You can also add a little ash.

Plant division and transplantation

At the same place delphinium can be successfully grown for about 10 years. But often it happens that in the fourth to sixth year the middle of the bush begins to rot. Of course, this significantly reduces the decorative value of a plant such as delphinium. Transplanting it meanwhile - the procedure is not particularly complicated. The bush needs to be simply excavated and divided roots. On each piece should not be more than 3-4 adult shoots, surrounded by green shoots.

Reproduction by shoots

The plant delphinium, planted most often by seeds or by the division of roots, if desired, can also be grown from cuttings. For this, shoots of at least 10 cm length are suitable. Before planting, they are kept in a solution of heteroauxin for about 2 hours. After that, stuck in a moistened sandy-peat mixture and cover with a jar or polyethylene. Within a month and a half, the primrose of the petioles should be constantly moistened. It is this period that is necessary for them to take root.

Preparing for winter

Adult delphiniums tolerate winter very well. Young, as well as newly transplanted, should be covered with lapnika or film for the winter. The last, in order that it does not take away the wind, you need to prikopat around the edges of the earth. Adult plants cut off before the onset of colds. At the same time, at least 30 cm of each shoot should remain above the surface of the soil. Thus, it is possible to reliably protect the delphinium. Planting in autumn these flowers is done quite often. These young plant can generally just be buried with earth.

Diseases and pests

Of pests, this beautiful plant is most often damaged by the delphinium fly, slugs, aphids and nematodes. There are certain methods to combat these insects. The most dangerous pest is a delphinium fly. This insect lays its eggs at the base of the plant stem. Therefore, when transplanting delphiniums should be as carefully as possible to inspect their roots. It is absolutely necessary to add "Bazudin" to the hole. If these insects are seen in the flowerbed, it should be treated with a weak solution of carbophos.

How to cut flowers on bouquets

Cultivated these wonderful plants in our country began not so long ago. At a permanent exhibition of flowers in Kazan, they, being presented for the first time, once produced a real sensation. Today, in the courtyards and gardens, you can basically see a New Zealand or cultural delphinium (a complex hybrid). In bouquets, his flowers look just great. Cut off inflorescences to extend the preservation should be turned and poured into hollow trunk water. To ensure that it does not pour out, a green "tube" is clogged with a cotton swab. Best delphiniums look in narrow high vases. Its flowers will remain fresh for a long time - about 10 days.

Delphiniums as part of landscape design

Well, now you know how to plant, grow and when to transplant the delphinium. What role can this plant play in the design of the yard? The delphiniums are always planted in groups. So the plant looks much more effective. At the same time it is necessary to grow varieties with inflorescences of different colors in one flower bed. Very often delphiniums are used as background plants in mixborders. It's a good idea to combine them with phlox, roses, lilies, dahlias. Sometimes delphiniums are planted at the front porch of the house or along its facade.