Damage to the head of a person or craniocerebral injury

The most common cause of disability or even death (more than 1%) is craniocerebral injury, which accounts for 25% of the total number of injuries. Most often, men (more than 70% of the affected) are exposed to injuries at the age of up to fifty years. Thus, the craniocerebral injury (TBI) is a damage to the skull of a person, his brain, brain envelopes, nerves and blood vessels.

In medicine, it is customary to distinguish between two forms of TBT:

1. Closed. Characterized by the absence of brain damage, as well as its shell, as there is no damage to the skull cover, so the process of infection is impossible.

2. Open. TBI Involves damage to the brain of the brain and its shells due to the destruction of the skull cover. At the same time, there is a threat of infection, which can cause the development of meningitis, brain abscess or encephalitis. Thus, an open craniocerebral trauma can be penetrating, in case of penetration into the hard shell of the brain shell of the bones of the skull.

Thus, this type of injury includes:

1. Concussion, bruising or squeezing the brain of the head. Occurs in the presence of a closed hematoma, which is formed due to a blunt object, and is accompanied by a brain contusion. In this case, there are pains in the region of the head, which is spinning, lethargic, the skin covers often become pale. At the time of injury, a person may lose consciousness.

2. Fracture of the bones of the base of the skull or its arch. Such traumas are closed and open, penetrating and non-penetrating. Fragments of the skull can squeeze the brain and damage its vessels. At fractures of the skull base bones there is a danger of damage to the brain, its membranes and nerves. In this case, the infection can penetrate the brain through the mouth, nose, or ear cavity. As a result of such traumas, a person experiences pain in the fracture region, signs of concussion may appear, speech often disappears, pulse and breathing are broken, blood or cerebral fluid flows from the nose or ears .

Hypoxia is observed in more than 80% of people with dangerous injuries of the skull and brain, which can lead to death. Most often, this phenomenon is inherent in people with epilepsy, hypotension or hypoxemia.

The main causes of such a phenomenon as a traumatic brain injury are accidents or industrial injuries, as well as falls or bumps.

In some people, if the integral structure of the brain of the brain changes, the change in its functions weakens after a while, they stabilize, thus the person recovers. In other people, traumatic brain injury, which is a cause of impaired brain function or nerve tissue, can trigger the development of pathology of the autonomic and mental functions of the brain.

In the presence of head injuries , X-rays must be performed to determine the presence of cracks or fractures of the bones of the skull. In the absence of signs of damage to the brain substance, a head injury is diagnosed. In the presence of wounds in the head area, antibacterial drugs are prescribed, as well as analgesics, in some cases beta-blockers or diuretics. When there is concussion, treatment is recommended in the hospital, and in severe cases the patient is placed in the surgical or trauma department.

Is there a traumatic brain injury? The treatment is supposed to be aimed at protecting the brain from infections and stopping the development of complications. After first aid is given, effective therapy is prescribed until the patient is fully recovered.

It can be said that craniocerebral trauma is the most common of all possible injuries of the human body, at the same time, it is a frequent cause of death.