Content and analysis "Who in Russia should live well"

Two years after the introduction of new reforms, Nikolai Nekrasov began work on a work that became the pinnacle of his work. For many years he worked on the text, and as a result, a poem was created in which the author not only was able to portray the people's grief, but together with his characters sought to answer the following questions: "What is the happiness of the people?", "How to achieve it?", "Can an individual be happy in the midst of universal grief?" The analysis of "Who Lives Well in Russia" is necessary in order to find out what images and artistic techniques helped Nekrasov to answer these difficult questions.

Purpose

Starting the work, the author hardly knew the answer to these disturbing questions. These were difficult times in the history of the Russian people. The abolition of serfdom did not facilitate the life of the peasantry. The original plan of Nekrasov was that the wanderer peasants returned home after a vain search. In the process of work, the storyline changed somewhat. The events in the poem were influenced by important social processes. Like the characters of his work, Nekrasov aspires to answer the question: "Is it okay to live in Russia?" And if at the first stage of the work on the poem the author does not find grounds for a positive response, then later in the community there are representatives of youth who really find their happiness in walking "To the people."

A vivid example was a teacher who reported in a letter to Nekrasov that she was experiencing real tides of happiness in her work among the people. The poet planned to use the image of this girl in the development of the storyline. But I did not have time. He died without completing work on his work. The poem "To Whom in Russia live well" Nekrasov wrote until the last days of his life, but it remained unfinished.

Art style

The analysis "Who Lives Well in Russia" reveals the main artistic feature of the work. Since Nekrasov's book about the people, and above all for him, in it he used folk speech in all its diversity. This poem is an epic, one of the purposes of which was to depict life as it is. A significant role in the narrative is played by fabulous motifs.

Folklore basis

Much borrowed Nekrasov from folk art. The analysis "Who Lives Well in Russia" allowed critics to reveal the epic, legends and proverbs that the author actively used in the text. Already in the prologue there are bright folklore motifs. Here there is also a chiffchaff, and a tablecloth-samobranka, and many animalistic images of the Russian folk tale. And the wanderer peasants themselves remind heroes of bylinas and fairy tales. In the prologue there are also numbers that have a sacred meaning: seven and three.

Plot

The peasants argued about who should live well in Russia. Nekrasov, using this technique, reveals the main theme of the poem. Heroes offer several options for "lucky". Among them are five representatives of various layers of social society and the king himself. In order to answer such an alarming question, the Wanderers set off on a long journey. But they have time to ask about happiness only the priest and the landowner. In the course of the poem, general questions change to more concrete ones. The peasants are more interested in the happiness of the working people. Yes, and the idea of narrative would be difficult to implement, if ordinary men ventured to visit the king himself with his philosophical problems.

Peasant images

In the poem there are many peasant images. To some, the author pays close attention, speaks of others only in passing. The most typical is the portrait of Yakima Nagoya. The external appearance of this character symbolizes the convict life that is characteristic of the peasant life in Russia. But despite the hard work, Yakim did not harden his soul. The analysis of "Who Lives Well in Russia" gives a clear idea of how Nekrasov saw or wanted to see representatives of the working people. Yakim, despite the inhuman conditions in which he was forced to exist, did not become bitter. He collects all his life for the son of the picture, admiring and hanging them on the walls. And during a fire, he throws himself into the fire to save his favorite images first. But the image of Yakim differs from more reliable characters. The meaning of his life is not limited to work and drinking. Great value for him has and contemplation of the beautiful.

Artistic receptions

In the poem Nekrasov already from the first pages uses symbolism. The very names of the villages speak for themselves. Zaplatovo, Razatovo, and Dyryavino are symbols of the way of life of their inhabitants. Pravdoiskateli meet during their travels with different people, but the question of which one in Russia to live well, and remains open. Disasters of ordinary Russian people open before the reader. In order to give liveliness and persuasiveness to the narrative, the author introduces a direct speech. Pop, landowner, bricklayer Trofim, Matryona Timofeevna - all these characters talk about their lives, and from their stories there is a general bleak picture of Russian folk life.

Since the life of a peasant is inextricably linked with nature, its description is harmoniously intertwined in the poem. A typical household picture is created from many details.

The image of the landlords

The landlord is undoubtedly the main enemy of the peasant. The first representative of this social stratum, who met the Wanderers, gives a fully detailed answer to their question. Narrating about the rich landlord life in the past, he claims that he himself always treated the peasants kindly. And everyone was happy, and no one felt grief. Now everything has changed. The fields are in desolation, the man is completely beaten by the hands. The whole fault is the reform of 1861. But the next living example of "noble class", appearing on the way of peasants, has the image of oppressor, tormentor and acquisitor. He leads free and easy life, he does not have to work. All for him perform peasants who are dependent. Even the abolition of serfdom did not affect his idle life.

Grisha Dobroskolov

The question posed by Nekrasov remains open. The peasant lived hard, and he dreamed of a change for the better. None of those who meet in the way of pilgrims, is not a happy man. Serfdom has been abolished, but the peasant question has not yet been finally resolved. Strong blows of the reforms were made both for the landlord class and for the working people. However, without knowing it, the peasants found what they were looking for, in the image of Grisha Dobrosklonov.

Why in Russia can live well only a scoundrel and a money-grubber becomes clear when a character appears in the poem. His fate is not simple, like the fate of other representatives of the working class. But, unlike other characters in the work of Nekrasov, Grisha is not characterized by obedience to the circumstances.

The image of Gregory Dobrosklonov personifies revolutionary moods that began to appear in society in the second half of the XIX century. In the finale of the poem, albeit unfinished, Nekrasov does not give an answer to the question, in search of which so many wandering truth-seekers have been wandering, but makes it clear that people's happiness is still possible. And not the last role in it will play the ideas of Grisha Dobrosklonov.