Clinical analysis of blood and its parameters

In medical practice, a clinical blood test is widely used. This examination allows you to detect anemia, inflammatory processes in the body, draw a conclusion about the condition of the walls of blood vessels, suggest the presence of helminthic invasion, malignant pathologies. This analysis is also widely used in radiobiology among patients suspected of radiation sickness.

It is necessary to know that the clinical analysis of blood is taken on an empty stomach, blood sampling is carried out from an anonymous finger. It is worth saying that in modern laboratories, most indicators are determined on special automatic blood analyzers, which are able to simultaneously analyze several parameters.

At the same time, a general clinical analysis of the blood indicates a peculiarity of the response of the hematopoietic organs when exposed to pathological or physiological factors, often has significance in diagnosing various diseases, and in hematopoietic pathologies is the leading method of examining patients.

This analysis includes the following parameters:

• Hemoglobin concentration;
• Counting of the formed elements, namely: erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes;
• Color index;
• Calculation of ESR;
• Definition of leukocyte formula - the ratio of different leukocytes (neutron, eosinophils, as well as basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), which is expressed as a percentage.

Additionally, they can determine the time for which the blood is folded, the duration of bleeding

Clinical blood test: norm of indicators

1. Hemoglobin is a component of erythrocytes. He carries oxygen. The blood of men contains up to 160 grams of hemoglobin per liter of blood, in women, this figure is slightly lower - to 140 g per liter.

2. Erythrocytes - responsible for biological oxidation, are red blood cells. In women, this parameter is 3.8-4.5 x 10 (12) per liter of blood, the number of these cells among men is about 5.0.

3. Leukocytes - are formed in the lymph nodes and bone marrow, there are five species. There are neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils, which are part of the granulocyte group, as well as lymphocytes and monocytes. Normally, a liter of blood should contain 4-9 x 10 (9) of all leukocytes. The level of these cells increases with inflammatory processes, infectious lesions, traumas and tumors, after physical work and during pregnancy.

4. The color index indicates the saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin (0.9-1 in norm). It increases with a deficiency of vitamin B12, cancer and polyps of the stomach, decreases - with iron deficiency anemia.

5. Clinical blood analysis determines ESR, which is a nonspecific indicator of pathology in the body. The level of ESR depends on sex, as well as on age, increases with damage to the kidneys, liver, endocrine glands, collagenoses, infectious inflammatory processes, after surgery, although there may be a physiological increase during pregnancy and after eating. Decrease in ESR is observed with circulatory insufficiency, an increase in bilirubin and a concentration of bile acids, a decrease in fibrinogen in the body.