Antiallergic drugs

Allergy is a symptom that indicates an excessive sensitivity of the body to certain substances. Everything that surrounds us, and everything that we directly come into contact with, causes a certain protective reaction of immunity. Its main task is the recognition and neutralization of a hazardous object. But it happens that this system fails and there is a supersensitive reaction to completely innocuous substances, which are called allergens. In this case, the production of protective antibodies increases by the immune system and a reaction to a dangerous object occurs in the form of skin rashes, a cold, redness of the eyes and asthma. The main principles of treatment for allergies are:

-use of drugs that inhibit unwanted reactions;

-reduction of the allergen from the body;

-immunotherapy;

-immunocorrection;

-immunosuppressive therapy.

Antiallergic drugs are used in combination with drugs that eliminate the symptoms of this reaction. For example, drugs that dilate the bronchi are prescribed for their spasms. Antiallergic drugs used by our medicine inhibit the pathophysiological, patho- zymic and immune stage of this undesirable reaction. Many of these drugs affect simultaneously several mechanisms of development of the allergic process.

Antiallergic drugs are divided into three groups:

-antigistamine;

-cromons;

-corticosteroid hormones.

The world pharmacological industry produces more than one hundred and fifty names of antihistamines. The most common of these is the anti-allergic drug Suprastin. Also to this group of drugs are Diazolin and Tavegil, and also Dimedrol and Fenistil. The mechanism of their action is based on the blocking of histamine cell receptors of various organs, subject to undesirable reactions. As a result of exposure to this group of medicines, cells are insensitive to substances that cause an allergic reaction. Antiallergic drugs are prescribed in a dosage depending on the stage of the disease. The way they are introduced into the body can be oral, intravenous and subcutaneous. They can also be used topically in the form of ointments, powders, and solutions. The drawback of these medicines is their drowsiness, which slows down reactions and reduces attention. However, they are efficient in use and have an affordable price. The latest generation of atygistamine drugs include Gismanal and Claritin, Zirtek and Telfast, Erius, Kestin and others. These drugs are taken one tablet a day and do not cause drowsiness.

As a prophylaxis of inflammatory reactions in medical practice, use cromons. The course of treatment is quite long, but the effect after its passage is quite pronounced. The form of release of these medicines is capsules (nalcrom).

Corticosteroid hormones are prescribed only in especially severe cases. The main drugs of this group are Prednisolone and Methylprednisolone, Dexamethasone and Acetonil.

Women expecting the birth of a child are less likely to suffer from allergies, since in their body there is an additional production of a hormone that affects the process that protects against this ailment. Complex diseases such as asthma or hay fever may not appear throughout the entire period of gestation. And if the symptoms have appeared, then the course of the disease occurs in a lighter form. Antiallergic drugs during pregnancy should be taken only on the advice of a doctor, since none of them can not be completely safe for the fetus.