An anemometer is a device for measuring wind direction and speed

During the design of ventilation and air conditioning systems, specialists carefully calculate the schemes and configurations of their installation. In addition to the structural device and the location, external influences are also calculated. In particular, a quality installation can not do without knowing in what direction and with what speed the air streams will affect the object. For such calculations, an anemometer is used, it is a device for measuring wind characteristics, and in some modifications it also allows to determine temperature and humidity.

The device and the principle of operation

For all versions of this device is characterized by the presence in the design of blades, the movement of which gives information to account for the speed of flows. That is, the principle of operation is based on the relationship between the wind speed itself and the heat transfer of tungsten elements, which are located on the path of air movement and are heated by an electric current. Air characteristics affect the heat flux generated by the power source of the device. Again, the anemometer is a device for measuring not only the wind, but also its temperature, so the sensors fix several indicators at once. Also, various modifications are oriented to work in specific environments, including gas. Therefore, their use in the design of ventilation and air conditioning systems is undoubtedly the most common but not the only purpose.

Main characteristics

As in the use of any measuring instrument, the anemometer operator counts on obtaining accurate data. Qualitative models from professional lines are characterized by a modest error of about 5%. With regard to temperature measurement, the deviation may be 1-2 ° C. In comparison with specialized thermometers, this is quite a lot, but for a multipurpose device it is permissible. Another important characteristic is the possible range of values that the device can in principle fix this device. Again, it should be borne in mind that the anemometer is both a device for determining the speed, and in some way a thermometer, so the scales will be at least two. The velocity measurement spectrum usually consists of a corridor from 1 to 30 m / s. Temperature is also often covered with negative values - for example, from -10 to 60 ° C.

Types of apparatus

There are two types of such devices - cups and vents. The first option is distinguished by the presence in the construction of the crosspiece with four bowls - their movement and is a kind of generator of information for obtaining data on wind speed. This is a classic device that is used in private homes and in equipping production facilities. The wing anemometer is a compact device, in the design of which is a blade device resembling a miniature fan. Again, the motion of the blades, activated by external air currents, is a signal for determining the characteristics of the wind. It is important to take into account that the separation between these types of anemometers also passes by the way of use. Cup models are installed perpendicular to the flows, and the winged ones are located precisely in the direction of the wind.

Tips for using the device

Begin work with the device should be after studying the elements of its control. If the principle of operation can be general, then the designations in the display and the features of providing the final information can be of an individual nature. Use the device only under conditions that are acceptable for a particular model. Many manufacturers, for example, warn against using the machines in direct sunlight. The fact is that an anemometer is primarily a measuring tool, therefore any aggressive influence even on the case can affect its accuracy. The same applies to the increased content of dust in air currents. After this use, you should thoroughly clean the blades or bowls of the anemometer.

The accuracy of the device can be reduced not only because of a gross violation of the rules of operation, but also for a long time of operation. Therefore, to maintain the optimum level of reliability of the data provided, the anemometer is verified, which consists of several operations. At home, for example, it can be performed by analyzing the integrity of external surfaces, the correctness of the installation of work items and testing the function of the output of information.

Manufacturers of anemometer

The segment of budget-priced low-cost models is represented mainly by domestic products. Such models can be found in the rulers "Megéon" and "Caliber". More respectable in terms of functionality and reliability, modifications are offered by well-known brands Geo-Fennel, ADA and Testo. These are high-quality devices from developers who specialize in the production of measuring equipment. In particular, the Testo anemometer already in the entry-level models allows measuring not only the speed and temperature of air currents, but also humidity. In addition, the company is engaged in the development of modifications specifically designed for use in ventilation and air ducts.

Price issue

The cheapest devices are available for 1,5-2 thousand rubles. These are typical classic devices, which have a rather high level of error and minimal functionality. The products from the same firm Testo in the middle segment are estimated at 8-10 thousand. Such devices differ both in the accuracy of the indications and in the presence of additional protective shells, which allows them to be used in harsh conditions. If you want to measure the direction and speed of the wind with a minimum deviation from the actual figures, you should focus on the class of professional devices. This product is available at prices of about 20-30 thousand.

Nuances of choice

To rely on the choice is on the intended purpose. If the device is planned to be used privately to fix the main characteristics of the wind, then you can safely turn to the entry-level products. For more responsible measurements, one should also take into account the additional functional that the anemometer is endowed with. It can be a model with a digital display, automatic modes of operation, backlighting and modern display systems. Such equipment is usually used by professional builders who calculate the initial data for performing assembly operations.

Conclusion

Experienced users of measuring equipment do not recommend to apply to devices that work with several characteristics. Practice shows that such devices are of low accuracy and often inconvenient to use. But in this case, much depends on what company released the device. Anemometer from the premium series Testo or ADA, for example, can replace even the functions of the hygrometer. Another thing is that not always the need to determine moisture and temperature indicators is associated with the need to monitor the characteristics of the wind. But in any case, do not neglect the complex survey of external conditions. This will allow you to choose the right materials and construction schemes for installing those ventilation systems and ducts.