Allergy tests. Where to make allergy tests for children

At present, a significant part of people suffer from such a common ailment as an allergy. However, what is this pathology, know not all, so they will be interested to learn that this is a protective reaction of the body, which aims to neutralize the activity of harmful bacteria and viruses, as well as minimize the risks of other harmful factors. The source of the disease, the immune system identifies along the DNA chain. At the same time, it can sometimes fail, as a result of which harmless substances are taken for pathogenic bacteria. All this is accompanied by a violent reaction from the immune system. This is the meaning of allergies.

In a standard situation, a person suffering from allergies, in case of an exacerbation, a protective reaction manifests itself in the form of inflammation of the skin, bronchi, intestines and other organs.

It should be noted that the source of the above ailment is the components of protein origin - allergens. Among them, in the first place, are: food, pollen of plants, animal hair, cosmetics, household chemicals and so on.

Allergen

To accurately diagnose the source of the allergic reaction, patients take drugs based on microparticles of the epidermis and animal hair, pollen of plants, food components. The duration of the allergy test depends on the particular type of preparation. This may take several hours, or several days.

Allergy test technology

By appointing such a procedure as an allergy test, the specialist pre-analyzes the data on the specific pathology and determines an indicative group of allergens. Separate testing methods using agents with irritant give positive results.

Such drugs are applied to small scratches that are made in advance in the wrist area. In some cases, doctors inject subcutaneously.

Often, for carrying out a test for allergy of one type, different stimuli are needed, and the degree of their concentration in the preparation may be different. Such signs as puffiness, rashes and redness on the patient's skin are subsequently studied by the doctor, after which he makes the final diagnosis.

Blood test

Doing tests for allergies, specialists almost always perform a blood test. What is it done for? To find out which antibodies are present in the patient's body. Such a study helps determine the type of allergic reaction. It should be noted that the blood test as a procedure does not entail any contraindications for the patient.

Skin tests

To diagnose the pathology in question, doctors often use skin tests for allergy, which are classified into direct and indirect. Let us consider them in more detail.

In direct tests, allergens are applied to micro-scratching, which is done on the patient's skin. As a rule, about 20 samples are carried out in one procedure. The skin reaction in this case is an indicator of what is the source of irritation. The procedure takes quite a long time (more than 24 hours). If the patient has redness in the area of the skin, swelling or exfoliation is formed, this is a sign that a person has a pronounced allergic reaction.

Often, specialists conduct an indirect test. What is the meaning of this procedure? The patient is injected subcutaneously with an injection in which the irritant substance is present, after which the patient receives serum, which determines one or another variant of the allergy. This procedure allows specialists to determine the degree of danger of a particular type of allergy for a person.

Many are interested in the question of where to make samples for allergies. This procedure is carried out by an allergist doctor, to which you can register at a polyclinic at your place of registration.

A provocative test

There is also another type of analysis, through which an allergic reaction, the so-called provocative test, is detected. This study is carried out in the event that there are differences in the dermatological test and data of allergy development.

The provocative test is divided into nasal, conjunctival variations, if it is a pathology such as allergic rhinitis. In this case, inhalations are injected into the nose and eyes. In bronchial asthma, the patient is prescribed inhalation tests.

Allergy tests in children

It should be noted that samples are recommended to children as well as adults. At the same time, one should not forget about age limitations here. In particular, direct and indirect variations of skin tests should not be done if the child is under 3 years old. The prohibition also includes a provocative type of allergic test. Most experts are sure that if the allergy is natural and not accompanied by complications, then children under 5 years of age should not carry out the above procedure, because the child's organism can easily change the reaction to an allergen.

Specificity of the sample

It should be emphasized that in case of an exacerbation of the pathology in question, the allergen test should not be performed more than one month after its onset. Once again, we note that it is best to take samples for allergies in a specialized medical center. Why?

If there is a complication and the disease begins to progress, qualified doctors can always come to the rescue. At the same time, the patient can have any reaction.

Disease history

A complete picture of the pathology in question will help to make a diary and a medical history. In particular, they provide an opportunity to determine when an allergic reaction occurred for the first time, what factors of the natural habitat affected its formation or cessation, how the patient feels when the situation changes. Also, through a medical history and an allergy test, the children can find out what was the main cause of the symptoms. As a rule, these are excessive physical exertion, depression.

It is necessary to remember that only on the correctness of the diagnosis is determined by the speed and effectiveness of treatment.