Why are impersonal verbs in Russian?

What is called verbs in Russian? This is part of the speech, in an initial form answering the questions "What to do?" ( Drinking, singing, painting, walking ) or "What to do?" ( Drink, sing, paint , go ). Verbs most often denote an action, sometimes a state. They can be personal, i. E. Indicating the action that a certain person produces.

Examples. Blossoms bird cherry. Her scent turns her head. Here someone came down from the pea. In this case, the verbs "blossoms" and "descends" are the actions performed by a particular person (bird cherry blooms , someone went down ), so they are called personal.

Impersonal verbs express an action that takes place without its producer.

Examples. It's getting dark. It's cold . I'm a little feverish .

Impersonal verbs can be combined into semantic groups.

The first group.

It includes verbs expressing the actions taking place in nature. It grows dull, it cools, it freezes, it freezes.

The second group.

Verbs that fix a condition or sensation. Shivering, fever, unwell.

The third group.

Impersonal verbs that fix desire, necessity, possibility or measure of action. Enough, it should be.

Impersonal verbs and personal are inextricably linked in language. In particular, often the personal form acts as impersonal.

Examples. The bell rings, the holidays have come. In my head it rings (bl.gl.) from an overabundance of emotions.

In the first sentence, the personal form of the verb "rings" denotes the action that is performed by a particular producer (call). In the second case, the action takes place (occurs) regardless of the producer, in itself, it indicates a state, therefore, in this case it does not and can not have a producer. (Is it possible for someone to ring in the head?) This is an impersonal form of the verb.

Impersonal verbs freeze (are used) only in certain, fixed forms.

If they stand in the indicative mood, they can be used exclusively:

• In the third person of the singular;
• In the present or future time;
• In the past tense, the form of the neuter

Example. Soon it will be very early to get dark . (Chap. Is used in the future tense, singular, third person). In the autumn it gets dark early. (Present, unit number, person third). Today it was freezing . (Elapsed time, genus average, unit number).

If the verbs are in a conditional mood, then they are used in the middle genus.

Example. Would rather frost on.

In an indefinite form.

Example. It will soon start to get dark .

Impersonal verbs are always the main member (predicate) in impersonal sentences. The meaning of these sentences is determined by the value of impersonal verbs. Some of them fix the state of wildlife ( How early the dusk falls in the autumn! ). Others are a state of a living being, including a human being. (It's easy to breathe in the spring. ) At last, suggestions of this kind are capable of having a semantic meaning of necessity or necessity. ( He pronounced the words clearly, as befits a good teacher ).

Personal verbs that can perform in an impersonal form are much larger (in our language). The structures of such proposals, their meanings are very diverse. They decorate speech, give it imagery, emotionality.

Example. The sky was laid in dark clouds.

The verb tenses in Russian are an important morphological category. This is a non-permanent sign. It denotes the moment of the performance of a certain action in relation to the moment of speech. This characteristic varies depending on the context.

Examples. I draw , I draw you. The action takes place at the present moment.

I drew you, only I did not recognize it . Action is committed in the past.

I will paint you a queen. I will paint tomorrow morning. The action will be committed in the future.

To determine the verb time, it is enough to ask a question.