"Tree of goals"

The purpose of the enterprise is to specify the mission in a form that is available to regulate the process of its implementation. There are five main principles on which to determine its (purpose) of specificity and properties:

1. Measurability and concreteness.
2. Temporal certainty.
3. Directivity, targeting.
4. Consistency and coherence with other objectives and capabilities of the enterprise.
5. Controllability.

To combine tasks, use the "target tree" method. This method allows you to make a hierarchical model. The number of decomposition levels will depend on the complexity and scale of the tasks assigned. Equally important is the formed structure of the enterprise, as well as the hierarchy of building management.

The goal tree has a vertex. It is the mission of the organization. The foundation on which the "goal tree" stands is a task. They, in turn, are the formulation of works that can be performed in a specific way in a predetermined period.

Usually the enterprise sets itself and implements several tasks that are of strategic importance to it.

For example, one of the tasks of an organization can be directed specifically at the "marketing" subsystem. In this case, the following types of work can be included in the goal tree:

1. Generating and specifying certain parameters in a new product or service.
2. Mastering the markets. This work involves identifying competitors, consumers and partners.
3. Control over changes in consumer demand and taste.
4. Measures for the distribution and delivery of services or goods to the consumer. This type of work includes, in particular, the promotion of a service or product, as well as the promotion of the sale process.
5. Formation of a strategic approach to the establishment of value (goods or services).
6. Measures to establish effective communications of a communicative nature. In particular, they include advertising, public relations, personal sales and so on.

The activity of the enterprise assumes the obviousness of the subordination and interrelation of the main marketing and strategic tasks.

The most important points in determining tasks are not only the "target tree". Of great importance is the process of considering the dynamics of their implementation in a certain time interval.

A "goal tree" is a structured set of tasks of an economic system, plan or program. The program is formed in accordance with the results of the analysis of existing problems in the enterprise.

The model of the hierarchical goal system was proposed by Ackoff and Cherchmen in 1957. It is used in the presence of a large number of tasks in the enterprise. Thus, it becomes possible to structure goals and determine their interrelationship.

In addition to the "top" (main goal) and "branches" (subgoals), the "tree" model reflects the means of implementation and final results.

In the hierarchical system, time, scale, and content are allocated for each task.

The process of constructing a "tree" is preceded by a procedure for formulating goals. Until the implementation of the task are brought to the attention of certain performers. After the achievement of the objectives, analysis of the results is necessarily carried out in accordance with the constructed "tree", from the bottom up.

The hierarchical system model can be used for both short-term and long-term planning.

For any enterprise with several different structural units, as well as several levels of management, a hierarchy of goals is formed, represented by decomposition of higher tasks into lower ones. The goals of the higher level are of a broader character and have a long interval of achievement.