The schizotypal disorder in the classification of mental abnormalities

What is schizotypal disorder and what are its symptoms, few know. This is a weakly expressed psychotic deviation of the personality, characterized by the quaintness of the cognitive sphere of perception. In modern psychotherapy, this condition is considered to be borderline, because to determine a full-fledged diagnosis of schizophrenia, there are not enough necessary symptoms or they are not sufficiently expressed. Many scientists in the CIS consider it a sluggish schizophrenia.

The schizotypal disorder is characterized by social isolation, unusual behavior and inadequate emotions of the patient. Moreover, cognitive transformations are distorted to a greater extent than with other psychiatric disorders. They can be classified into 4 types:

- Excessive suspicion and paranoid ideas;

- the person suffering from this disease is absolutely sure that it has a direct relation to events that are in fact not connected in any way;

- the patient has prejudiced thoughts about the supernatural. For example, a person can be convinced that next to him is the deceased, and some others are aliens;

- the tendency to excessive illusions prevails. A person with such a disorder can see faces and silhouettes among the shadows or the picture of the curtains.

Behavior of the patient

The schizotypal disorder gives the patient the strangeness of his speech. The man's thoughts are completely consistent and there are no random associations in them, but he constantly deviates from the topic, is unnecessarily scrupulous and circumstantial. Quite often hypersensitivity to individual stimuli appears along with emotional coldness to others. A person behaves inadequately, constantly distracted from a given topic. He can spend hours in order in the closet and find new activities for himself. This state leads to complete social isolation. Schizotypics avoid communication in every way because of constant anxiety, uncertainty, anticipation of troubles and negative forebodings.

Treatment

The schizotypal disorder may be temporary and result from stress, but the propensity of the individual to develop such a scenario is dominant. To treat these conditions, small doses of neuroleptic drugs such as haloperidol and tranquilizers like diazepam are shown. With severe depression, prescribe antidepressants, for example, amitriptyline. Group and individual psychotherapy is shown to accelerate social adaptation .

Mental disorders, their manifestations

Symptoms of mental disorders are individual for each individual. Over time, they may change or become more pronounced. The main signs of mental disorders include hallucinations, mania and delirium.

Hallucinations are sensory perceptions of non-existent things. The patient can hear, see, feel the touch and taste, feel the smells of what is not really.

Delirium and mania are established false ideas that do not disappear even with their apparent inconsistency with real events.

Secondary symptoms of mental disorders include incoherent speech, loss of interest in activity, blurred thinking, strange movements, unusual behavior, problematic relationships, sudden change of mood and unusual expression of emotions.

Schizophrenia and its definition

A common mental illness characterized by a variety of manifestations and with a tendency to chronic progression is called schizophrenia. What is this disease is a mystery for psychotherapists for many years. Schizophrenia reflects the polymorphic disorders of the psyche, caused by the breakdown of emotional reactions and thinking processes. It is characterized by fundamental disorders of perception and thinking, as well as inadequate affect. The most common manifestations of this disease include hallucinations, paranoid delusions with fantastic ideas, disorganization of thoughts and behavior with pronounced social dysfunction. Schizophrenia unites multiple mental disorders and is an extremely severe, progressive mental illness.