The norm of thyroid hormones is very important for the correct growth and development of a person

The thyroid gland is a very important organ in the body, it synthesizes hormones, on which depends, how bone tissue develops, metabolism takes place, the nervous system functions. It plays a significant role in the growth and development of the body. Intellectual development of a person can suffer if the hormonal background is disrupted due to a disease or congenital malformation. Inadequately developed state of this organ at birth, when the norm of thyroid hormones is broken, becomes the cause of such diseases as cretinism and myxedema (edema throughout the body with pronounced manifestations on the skin: density, dryness, peeling).

Location, function and indices - thyroid hormones

The gland is located in front of the neck, is called endocrine, its weight is 18-20 grams. It produces together with the pituitary gland hormone TSG, it regulates the synthesis of such important hormones as T3, as well as T4, containing iodine atoms. The hormone thyrocalcitonin controls calcium metabolism. The thyroid gland contains a fairly large number of blood vessels, as well as lymphatic vessels. This is due to the fact that there are no ducts in it, and hormones are released directly into the bloodstream, so the thyroid hormone norm is very important for the stable functioning of numerous systems of the human body.

The surface of the posterior layer of the thyroid gland contains parathyroid glands responsible for regulating calcium in the body. Small dots on the gland, 6 mm by 4 mm in size and 2 mm in thickness, are so important that their removal can lead to the death of a person.

Violations and Diagnosis

Tens of millions of people around the world suffer from diseases associated with irregularities in the functioning of the gland. This is the most common "Graves' disease" or, in common parlance, goiter, as a result of which the norm of thyroid hormones is violated. As a result of chronic inflammations, gradually, over a long period of time, tumors or cysts are formed and develop, which lead to inadequate functioning and atrophy. Distinguish the increase in the production of hormones - thyrotoxicosis and a decrease in their production by the gland - hypothyroidism.

Possible visual changes in the area of the location of the thyroid gland can give a superficial idea of changes in the organ. On examination, dry skin, soreness with swallowing of saliva and food, increased drowsiness can be observed. Then the person undergoes additional examination, laboratory tests and tests, where the norm of thyroid hormones (TSH - T3 and T4) is determined. In case of tumor development, a puncture biopsy is performed.

Despite the fact that the reliability of the research is high enough, you need to undergo ultrasound, check the blood flow of the gland, and also make a tomography to exclude the accident of the diagnosis, since there is a considerable percentage - up to 5% of false negative results.

Thyroid hormone assay, norm

• In the period of taking the tests, you need to know that before taking the tests (in a period not less than a month), you can not take hormonal medications, unless they are prescribed by an endocrinologist, as well as all sorts of medications.
• Drugs with iodine content should be excluded one week prior to the examination.
• It is necessary to cancel all workouts and physical activities.
• If a study using radiography is prescribed, then they should be done after the blood is taken for analysis. Before you donate blood, you need to sit quietly for 20-30 minutes.
• Exclude alcohol and cigarettes.
• To hand over analyzes it is necessary on an empty stomach, in the morning.

The norm of the indicators during the research is:

1. TTG - a hormone stimulating the production of T3 and T4-from 4 to 44 mU / l.

2. T3 - from 2.5 to 5.8 pmol / l.

3. T4 - from 9 to 21 pmol / l.

4. Antibodies (AT-TG) - up to 17.9 U / ml.

5. Antibodies (AT-TPO) - from 5.5 U / ml and above.

Only the endocrinologist can evaluate the results of the tests, since the values may be different (for women, for example, during the menstrual cycle, hormones can be increased), the condition of a person, age, methods used can all change the results of laboratory tests.