The malarial plasmodium is of the Sporoviks type. How dangerous is this single-celled?

The malarial plasmodium is of the type Sporoviki sub-kingdoms Protozoa. This is a dangerous unicellular parasite, which carries a deadly disease.

The simplest: the features of the organization

Let's start all in order. The simplest animals are organisms, the body of which consists of a single cell. They have the most primitive structure. Nevertheless, they are all unique. Just think: one cell invisible to the naked eye is able to perform the functions of the whole organism. It moves, breathes, feeds, reproduces - manifests all the properties of a living organism.

Due to the unique structure of the unicellular found almost everywhere: in fresh and salt water bodies, soil. There is also a large group of protists whose habitat is living creatures.

The malarial plasmodium is a type of organisms that lives and feeds at the expense of others, inflicting significant harm on the latter.

Parasitic Protozoa

Parasitism is a form of coexistence of organisms of different species, under which one organism (parasite), for a long time uses the other (host) as a source of food and habitat.

Such groups are also found in multicellular animals. For example, roundworms can live and develop in the human intestinal tract. Thus, the host, in spite of the biological term, is not so in terms of functions.

As already mentioned, the malarial plasmodium is of the Sporoviki type. The most important property of representatives of this systematic unit is the method of reproduction. It is called schizogony or multiple division.

Its essence lies in the fact that not only two daughter cells are formed from one cell, but 10-20. Due to this intensity, Sporoviki type is numerous both in number of individuals and in species diversity.

Features of biology

The malarial plasmodium (photo demonstrates one of the stages of its development) is a multinucleate cell. Interestingly, the fact that her carrier is only a female mosquito. Blood is necessary to her as a protein source for the laying down and development of eggs.

At the stage of sexual reproduction the parasite cell has an oblong curved shape. In its cytoplasm are all the organelles necessary for life: the mitochondria, the Golgi complex, the EPS.

Life cycle

Plasmodium malaria is a type of organisms with a complex life cycle that occurs with the change of generative and asexual generations.

In the process of parasite development, there is a change of hosts - intermediate and final. In the first, asexual reproduction occurs by division or only certain stages of development. For malarial plasmodium, this is a person.

First the parasite enters the liver cells, where it actively divides. Further development occurs in erythrocytes - red blood cells. At the same time, they are destroyed, and the toxic products of vital activity of the described parasite enter the body. Their action causes a person fever. Therefore, the malarial plasmodium belongs to the group of deadly protozoa.

The mosquito becomes the carrier of the infection, drinking the blood of an infected person. In the intestine of the insect, the parasite reproduces sexually. Therefore, the mosquito is the ultimate master.

From a fertilized egg, many mobile cells are formed, which accumulate over time in the digestive glands of the insect. During a bite, they get into the blood of a person. As a result, the complex life cycle of the malarial plasmodium is repeated.

Than malaria is dangerous

A malarious plasmodium (photo depicts an infected person) causes a dangerous disease. Toxins, which secrete a parasite in the process of vital activity, provoke a fever and periodic attacks of fever.

Depending on the type of plasmodia, it occurs every 24, 48 or 72 hours. At this time, the erythrocytes are destroyed and become unable to perform their basic function - the transfer of oxygen to the cells of the whole body and carbon dioxide from them into the lungs. As a result, anemia (anemia) occurs. Emaciated, weakened by fevers, a person can die as a result.

Signs and prevention

Malarial mosquitoes predominantly inhabit the Asian and African tropics. Since the vaccine against this disease has not yet been created, the entire struggle is aimed at the destruction of carriers - insects of the genus Anopheles. This is done with the help of special toxic substances - insecticides. There is also a special protection for humans - aerosols, creams, protective clothing, anti-mosquito nets.

Drugs against the parasite have a preventive effect. Physicians are advised to take them a few weeks before they are sent to the zone of the alleged infection. Such drugs can inhibit the process of synthesis of nucleic acids in the body, thereby destroying parasitic cells.

After leaving the zone of possible infection, it is necessary to continue taking the drug for a few more weeks. However, despite the efforts of scientists and the possibilities of modern medicine, annually from malarial fever in the world more than 2 million people die.

In conclusion, we repeat that the malarial plasmodium is of the Sporoviki type and is a unicellular parasitic organism with a complex developmental cycle. But despite the large number of known facts about the features of the structure and life of this organism, scientists around the world have yet to reveal many riddles to rid the planet of a fatal disease.