The Art of Ancient Rome. Some directions

The art of Ancient Rome developed for almost a millennium. It was born at the end of the 6th century. BC. E. Its heyday art of Ancient Rome reached in the era of the formation of a world slave state. During this period, the culture was very diverse.

The art of Ancient Rome had its differences. They were conditioned, for the most part, by historical features of development. The art of Ancient Rome was mainly based on the interaction of the original culture of local peoples (the Etruscans in the first place) and Italic tribes with a more perfect Greek culture. To a certain extent, the traditions of the Celts, Germans, Gauls and other peoples also influenced it. Accepting various elements, ancient Roman art preserved its originality. Together with this, the culture of the country was reflected in the confrontation between the state and the citizen.

In ancient Roman art, a special role is assigned to architecture. In it, in turn, the main place is occupied by public facilities embodying ideas about the power of the state.

In the ancient world, Roman architecture did not know equal in terms of technical thought, the variety of structures, the scale of construction, the richness of compositions. Its true power is not in lush decor, but in reasonable expediency, satisfaction of practical public and domestic needs and needs.

Ancient Roman architecture was characterized by large-scale, ubiquitous urban construction. They were erected within the framework of strictly organized planning. The scale of the city corresponded to the developing living conditions. In town planning, of course, the needs of a simple, free population were also taken into account. Public life was mainly held at the forum - the square, which was a special architectural ensemble. The forum was the center of social life of Ancient Rome, its political arena, the place of military triumphs, people's meetings.

In accordance with the needs of the population, different types of structures were formed: thermae, triumphal arch, amphitheater, aqueduct, column. The rationalism inherent in architecture was reflected in the spatial scope, the integrity of huge complexes, strict symmetry, and the constructive logic of forms.

Painting of Ancient Rome was a reflection of the cultures of all peoples that were ever captured by the Romans. Public buildings and palaces were decorated with paintings and murals. The main subject was mythological episodes. Were also popular and landscape sketches.

It should be noted that the ancient Roman painting was very original. Unfortunately, there have been few samples since that time. However, the frescoes that survived to this day reflect the free style of artists. For wall paintings are characterized by warm colors, lively colors, pleasant shades. In ancient Rome, portrait art was very popular.

Together with the use of Greek samples as the basis for artistic direction, different possibilities were used to create color and air perspectives. The skillful combination of light and shadow created the illusion of space.

On the walls of the houses of noble townspeople, artists depicted scenes from everyday life, and still-lifes were popular.

Sculptures of Ancient Rome were endowed with deeply cognitive meaning. In this direction, interest in the person and the destiny of man, towards the reflection of the concrete historical character of the citizen was manifested.

New tendencies in the development of art were formed with the advent of Christianity. In particular, there were obvious changes during the reign of Emperor Constantine. After the capital of the empire was moved to Constantinople, Rome was in the status of a provincial center. At this point, the history of the Ancient World is coming to an end. However, his culture continues to evolve, reincarnating in the culture of the Middle Ages.