The American "Hammer" is a military man. "Hammer" military: technical characteristics

"Hammer" - a military vehicle of wide application, developed by the company AM General (American Motors General) in 1981 by order of the US Department of Defense.

The project to create an army all-terrain vehicle

In the seventies of the last century, the leadership of US military structures came to the conclusion that cargo ATVs supplied by civilian manufacturers do not fully meet army requirements. There was a need for special multipurpose transport for the regular parts of the US Army. In 1979, work began on a large-scale project to create a wheeled super-vehicle, which received the designation HMMWV. The machine was to carry a rapid-fire weapon and armored protection. In the summer of the same year, the company AM General started the project and less than a year later the first prototype under the M998 index was already tested in the field and was adopted by the military commission. After completion, the all-terrain vehicle was recommended for serial production.

On the basis of the approved M998, two more SUV models were created: M1025 and M1026. During the year 1980, 500 Hummers were manufactured at AM General plants, and in the plan for the period from 1981 to 1985 it was planned to produce 55,000 cars.

In 1989, the "Hammer" military, a super-class car, participated in the operation Just Cause in the invasion of the US Army in Panama. After the "baptism of fire" the all-terrain vehicle became the main vehicle in the American troops.

Combat application

Initially, the "Hammer", a military transport, was used only to transport infantrymen and was not considered a combat vehicle. The car did not have strong protection and was vulnerable to all types of weapons, including for single enemy shots, not to mention the machine guns. However, in most cases, the all-terrain vehicle managed to get out of the collision with the enemy, it saved the hard landing gear, wheels with swap and a powerful engine.

Reservation

Nevertheless, it soon became clear that the Hammer, a military truck without weapons, needed more security. And then the company "AM General" was developed model M1114 with armored hull. Serial production was not, the machine was made in pieces and small series. However, after several Hummers were killed in Iraq from direct guerrilla attacks with the use of grenade launchers, the release of an all-terrain vehicle was transferred to an armored version of Up-Armor. At the same time, the suspension was strengthened and a new, more powerful turbocharged diesel engine was installed. All the windows in the windows were replaced with bullet-proof ones.

Inability to combat conditions

The process of turning the "Hammer" into a fighting vehicle continued, and it soon became clear that the car was losing its driving qualities due to a significant weighting of the body. Powerful sheets of armor, protecting the cabin and passenger compartment, significantly increased the center of gravity of the car, which had a negative impact on its handling. In addition, the combat use of the all-terrain vehicle was completely impossible due to its vulnerability to mine ruptures, which easily destroyed the thin bottom of the car.

Modernization

Military "Hammer", characteristics Which did not meet the requirements of combat standards, needed a radical improvement. The car, equipped with small arms on the roof, did not have any devices to protect the machine gunner. Undoubtedly, if the machine was created as a means for conducting combat, then the degree of protection of personnel would be much higher. And now we had to refine the design on the fly in order to increase the combat capability of the all-terrain vehicle.

"Hammer" military: technical characteristics

In 1995, the serial production of the M1114 model was launched on the upgraded ECV chassis. This is a military jeep "Hammer" with an enlarged track and maximally enlarged dimensions, which did not always allow the landing of the car, since the all-terrain vehicle was not placed in each aircraft.

The carrying capacity of the all-terrain vehicle is 2 tons. The maximum speed of the machine with a Chevrolet engine is 88 km / h. The speed of the all-terrain vehicle with a diesel turbo engine of the brand "Detroit Diesel V8" reaches 135 km / h. The fuel consumption is within 23 liters per 100 kilometers. The wheel formula of the car is 4 x 4.

Power point

The American military "Hammer" is equipped with engines of several types. Of the gasoline engines used Chevrolet V8, the volume of cylinders is 5373 cc / cm, a capacity of 135 liters. S., Traction which is enough to move the car in the field with full load, but not enough for high-speed driving on the highway, because the transmission uses low gear ratios.

Engine brand "Detroit Diesel V8", turbocharged diesel engine, developing power 195 liters. With a cylinder capacity of 6 450 cc / cm.

Both motors are equipped with a hydromechanical 4-speed automatic GM 4L80-E, manufactured by "General Motors".

Overall and weight characteristics

The car "Hammer" (US, military) has the following dimensions:

• The length of the body is 4600 mm;
• Height - 1800 mm;
• Width - 2100 mm;
• Wheelbase - 3300 mm;
• Gauge - 1829 mm;
• Gross weight - 4672 kg;
• Own weight - 2676 kg.

Hammer today

Currently, American experts are developing an original form of protection based on the BAE Systems system, used for operational army connections. The arrow seat is protected by 50 mm steel plates. The latest HMMWV is equipped with a small-caliber launcher gun system with remote control. Thus, shooting can be carried out without leaving the cabin. The "Boomerang" system is installed on certain modifications of the "Hummer", which counteracts sniper attacks. Options embedded in the device, you can instantly locate the sniper and destroy it by return fire.

Some countries in Europe and North Africa purchase Hummer for internal use, namely to suppress the intense conflicts that spontaneously arise on their territory. The maneuverable all-terrain vehicle is easily equipped with water cannons, stationary rocket launchers and bomb-throwers for firing checkers with stitch gas. The American military "Hammer", whose price does not bother the government of countries with an unsettled political situation, is ideal for these purposes.

Armored "Hummers" are produced more and more, machines are purchased by third countries for their law enforcement services, for military police and patrol patrols. In 2007, the US Marines Corps Administration applied to replace the MRAP armored vehicles with Hammer, due to the frequent overturning of the high MRAP self-propelled guns and their inadequate patrol capability.

Modifications

For 35 years of production "Hammer" was created over thirty different modifications of the all-terrain vehicle. In the list the main variants, produced serially and operating in army units for their direct purpose:

• IMETS - mobile meteorological service;
• Ground Mobility Vehicle - mobile communication machine;
• Lazer System - artillery laser system for neutralizing the enemy;
• M1109 - model of increased security with light firearms;
• M1097 - heavy HMMWV "The Avenger";
• M1069 - light artillery light tractor, for guns caliber 100 mm;
• M1046 - the machine of the raised security with complex TOW of antitank action;
• M1045 - conveyor of increased security, with a complex of TOW and a winch;
• M1044 - a machine equipped with weapons and a winch;
• M1042 - conveyor for transportation of equipment S250, with a winch;
• M1038 - cargo version with a winch;
• M1036 - armored vehicle with winch and TOW complex;
• M1035 - ambulance car with soft tent and four-door cabin;
• M997 - ambulance transporter with 4-seater cabin, armored;
• M996 - ambulance car with double cab, armored;
• M966 - HMMWV, armored, with anti-tank complex TOW;
• M56 - the smoke machine "Coyote".

Scouts and demining machines

On the basis of the chassis M1114 was created a modification of the "Hammer" for autonomous two-week traffic, with a crew of four and an increased level of ballistic protection. Armored corps reflects the attack of 7-millimeter bullets from automatic weapons, shells of air detonation, as well as the explosive effect of anti-tank mines. The machine is painted in sand camouflage for camouflage and allows to conduct reconnaissance observation of objects at a distance of 800 meters.

Modification M1115 is designed for demining operations of territories, buildings, hangars, warehouses and underground structures. In the car all the necessary equipment for the search for mines and high-explosive shells is concentrated , as well as a set of devices that ensure the detonation and neutralization of the found ammunition. The equipment of the special vehicle includes sets of clothes for sappers engaged in subversive operations.

"Hammer M1116" - an armored landing vehicle, intended for disembarkation from a transport aircraft on parachutes together with a crew of four.

Cost

The car of military classification "Hammer" is not often seen in car dealerships on the territory of Russia, few cars that are offered for sale are quite expensive. The price range ranges from 730 000 rubles for an old, requiring a repair all-terrain vehicle, up to 6 million 650 thousand for a car in good condition, the recent year of release.