Table "Reforms of Peter 1" (briefly). The main reforms of Peter 1: a table, a summary

Table "Reforms of Peter 1" summarizes the features of the transformational activities of the first emperor of Russia. With its help, it is possible to concisely, concisely and clearly outline the main directions of its steps to change all spheres of life of Russian society in the first quarter of the 18th century. Perhaps this is the best way for middle-level students to learn this difficult and quite voluminous material, which is very important for the analysis and correct understanding of the features of the historical process in our country in the next centuries.

Features of the emperor

One of the most difficult, difficult and at the same time interesting topics is the "Reforms of Peter the Great." Briefly the table on this topic demonstrates all the data necessary for schoolchildren.

In the introductory lesson, it should be immediately indicated that the activities of Peter Alekseevich affected all sectors of society and determined the country's further history. This is precisely the uniqueness of the era of his rule. At the same time, he was a very practical person and introduced innovations based on specific needs.

This can be clearly demonstrated by more detailed coverage of the theme "Reforms of Peter 1". Briefly the table on the problem posed clearly illustrates the wide scope with which the emperor acted. It seemed that he had time to put his hand to everything: reorganized the army, government bodies , introduced significant changes in the social structure, economic sphere, diplomacy and, finally, promoted the spread of Western European culture and lifestyle among the Russian nobility.

Transformations in the Army

In the middle link it is very important that schoolchildren learn the basic facts of the theme "Reforms of Peter 1". Briefly, a table on this problem helps students to familiarize themselves with the data and systematize the accumulated material. Almost all of his reign the emperor waged war with Sweden for access to the Baltic Sea. The need for strong and powerful troops arose with particular acuity at the very beginning of his reign. Therefore, the new ruler immediately began reorganizing the army.

One of the most interesting sections in the topic under consideration is the "Military reforms of Peter the Great." The table can be summarized as follows.

The Importance of Military Innovation

It shows that the steps of the emperor were dictated by the specific needs of modern times, but many of its innovations continued to exist for a very long time. The main goal of the reforms was to create a permanent and regular army. The thing is, there used to be a so-called local troop recruitment system: The landlord appeared on the examination together with several servants, who also had to serve with him.

However, by the beginning of the 18th century, this principle had become obsolete. By this time serfdom had already taken shape, and the state began recruiting soldiers for service from the peasants. Another very important measure was the creation of professional military schools for the training of officers and command staff.

Transformations of power structures

Practice shows that one of the most difficult topics is the "Political reforms of Peter the Great." Briefly the table on this issue clearly demonstrates how profound the emperor's transformative activity in the management bodies was. He completely changed the central and local administration. Instead of the Boyar Duma, which previously served as advisory functions under the tsar, he created the Senate modeled on Western European countries. Instead of orders, colleges were created, each of which performed a certain function in management. Their activities were strictly controlled by the prosecutor-general. In addition, a special secret fiscal control over the bureaucratic apparatus was created.

New administrative division

No less complex is the theme and "State reforms of Peter 1. In short, the table on this issue reflects the fundamental changes that have occurred in the organization of local government. Gubernias were created, who were in charge of the affairs of a certain region. The provinces were divided into provinces, and those, in turn, were divided into counties. This structure was very convenient for management and met the tasks of the considered time. At the head of the provinces stood the governor, and at the head of the provinces and counties - the voevoda.

Changes in industry and trade

A special difficulty is often the study of the topic "Economic reforms of Peter 1. A brief table on this issue reflects the complexity and ambiguity of the emperor's activities against merchants and traders, who, on the one hand, sought to create the most favorable conditions for the development of the country's economy, but at the same time acted Almost serfdom methods, which could not contribute to the development of market relations in our country. The economic activity of Peter Alekseevich was not as effective as the transformation in other spheres. At the same time, it was the first experience in the development of trade in the West European model.

Transformations in the public structure

The simpler is the theme "Social reforms of Peter 1. In short, the table on this issue demonstrates the fundamental changes that have occurred in the Russian society of the time being studied. Unlike his predecessors, the emperor introduced the principle of distinction in the military and state spheres, depending not on the family affiliation, but on personal merit. His famous "Table of Ranks" introduced a new principle of service. From now on, a person, in order to get a promotion or rank, had to achieve some success.

It was under Peter that the social structure of society was finally formed. The main support of the autocracy was the nobility, which replaced the ancestral aristocracy. The successors of the emperor also relied on this estate, which indicates the effectiveness of the measures taken.

Complete the study of this problem can be summarized. What is the significance of the reforms of Peter the Great in the history of Russia? The table, a brief summary of this topic, can serve as an effective means of summing up the results. Concerning the social transformations, it should be noted that the ruler's measures corresponded to the needs of his time, when the principle of parochialism became obsolete, and the country needed new personnel that would have the necessary qualities to fulfill the new tasks facing the country in connection with the Northern War and Russia's accession to the international Arena.

The role of the transformative activity of the emperor

The topic "The main reforms of Peter the Great", a table whose summary is an important component in the study of the history of Russia in the first quarter of the 18th century, should be divided into several classes so that students can properly fix the material. At the final session, it is necessary to take stock of the material covered and to indicate the role played by the transformation of the first emperor in the future fate of Russia.

The measures taken by the ruler led our country to the European arena and introduced it to the number of leading European states. The topic "The main reforms of Peter the Great", a table, a brief summary clearly shows how the country reached the world level of development, having gained access to the sea and becoming one of the main members of the European concert of the powers.