Stenocardia of tension is a typical manifestation of ischemic disease

According to the latest statistics, angina pectoris is recorded in almost 1% of the population per year. Among the patients suffering from this disease, the overwhelming majority are men of retirement age. Every year the number of people with angina develops.

This condition is characterized by the spread of pains that give to the left side of the body, namely: scapula, chest area, arm, half of the neck, lower jaw. Often, painful feelings are accompanied by unexplained attacks of fear. Typically, the pain lasts about 10-15 minutes. Stenocardia tension is suppressed after stopping physical exertion or after applying nitroglycerin.

Stable angina pectoris is a variant of ischemia, in which pain usually occurs with physical activity of a certain intensity. The level of stress at which angina attacks occur is the most important criterion for determining the severity of the disease. The tolerability of physical activity is the basis for dividing patients into classes:

• 1 class. Normal tolerability of daily exercise. Attacks occur with increased intensity.
• 2 class. There is an insignificant restriction of physical activity. The attack occurs when climbing stairs or passing more than 500 m.
• 3 class. Noticeable restriction of physical activity. Attacks occur when climbing to a floor or when crossing distances up to 500 m.
• 4th grade. The attack occurs even with small physical exertion, such as walking for a distance of up to 100 m. Often seizures occur at rest.

The main cause of the development of this disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels, which nourish the heart. Atherosclerotic fibrous plaques that block the lumen of the vessels, prevent normal blood flow. Physical loads lead to an increase in the number of heartbeats and an increase in blood pressure. At this time, the heart muscle is working hard, which means that its oxygen demand is increasing. This need can not be satisfied by the flow of blood through narrowed atherosclerotic plaques to the arteries. Because of this, there is insufficient oxygen saturation of the heart muscle - ischemia.

Stenocardia tension, symptoms: rapid fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain. Diagnosis of this disease at present is not difficult. Angina of the stress is determined by the recording of an electrocardiogram performed during the period of a pain attack. Ischemic changes help to fix other diagnostic methods, such as treadmill, veloergometry, holter monitoring with stress tests. The main principle of all these techniques is the same: the patient must perform a certain physical load during the registration of the cardiogram.

Stenocardia of tension, treatment: reduction of manifestation and elimination of pain syndrome. Immediate prevention of myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis and sudden cardiac arrest is carried out . To achieve this goal, correction of dyslipidemia, weight loss, normalization of blood pressure, quitting, normalization of carbohydrate metabolism, and moderate physical activity are performed.

As a drug therapy, beta-blockers, statins, and aspirin are used. For relief of angina attacks sublingual nitroglycerin is applied. It is available in tablets and in the form of a spray. Angina pectoris of especially severe form can be cured by surgical intervention: coronary artery bypass grafting, stenting of arteries, balloon angioplasty.