Stabilization of soil: the main stages

In the construction of any coating, an initial calculation of its wear resistance and bearing capacity is necessary. Some methods are used for pedestrian areas, and a completely different approach is practiced in the creation of automotive coatings. A special foundation helps to counteract the stress that affects road clothes under traffic flows. For its formation, soil stabilization is applied, involving the use of organic and inorganic materials.

General information on soil stabilization

The main purpose of this event is to create a solid foundation under the road or a platform that will not deform and creep in the process of exploitation. The entire workflow can be divided into four stages. First of all, the technology of soil stabilization involves the preparation of the material from which a kind of sealing pillow will be created. Further from the substances possessing the necessary characteristics, an active mixture is created. Already at the site of use, with the help of special equipment, mass is applied to the working area. The final stage involves the distribution and a kind of mixing of the substance with the base soil.

It is important to understand that this process in itself is only an intermediate stage in the implementation of the general project for the construction of roads and sites. When the stabilization of the soil is completed, the insulating or technical layers of the future coating are laid directly onto the prepared substrate.

Material preparation

Most often, cement and lime bases are used. Sand and rubble can also be used as diluents - their concentration depends on the requirements for the future coating. When constructing and constructing pavement, local soil should also be used. For example, if the soil is stabilized with lime, it will be appropriate to include stone materials that will create the necessary cushioning strength. Another thing is that such additions must first be crushed with special cutters. Directly at the backfill site, the stabilization mass will be approximately 10-20% of the local soil, which will form the basis for the road surface.

Creating a Mix

The specific recipe for making the mixture is determined by the characteristics that must be obtained after the completion of the work. For example, methods of stabilizing soils with a monolithic base assume the achievement of such qualities of coating as shear stability and increased elasticity. As a part of such mixtures, the mentioned combination of cement-lime is usually used, which is also diluted with active ash and local soil. However, its main difference is the complete exclusion of rubble. As a result, other important properties of the coating are achieved, among which are capillary-interrupting functions and an increase in heat-insulating performance.

Technically, the mixing operation is carried out by special dosing machines. Modern technology allows mixing based on indicators entered through the electronic control panel. The initial parameters for stabilizing the road are preliminarily documented in the laboratory. Further, the information obtained becomes the basis for the development of the recipe and the preparation of the strengthening mixture.

Distribution of material over the surface

Before this stage, special dispensing containers are prepared, into which the mixture is loaded. At the same stage, various modifiers can be added, by means of which the basic qualities of the mass are improved. On the site, the equipment evenly distributes metered-in cementitious substances based on cement and lime. Again, depending on the design requirements, soil stabilization can be performed with loosening elements, which in the future will provide a higher degree of tamping the mass. In addition, ancillary stages of mixture preparation to distribution may be included before feeding. This can be operations of working, grinding and mixing the components of the mass. The possibilities for implementing these technological stages depend on the functions of the specific machinery. Usually, multifunctional machines are used, provided with cam - operated clutches with safety valves that disconnect under overloads.

Stabilizing mass in the ground

The procedure can be performed by special equipment or manually. From the choice of technology depends on the possibility of carrying out an operation near a residential area, parking lot, an airfield site or in bad weather conditions. Most often for the final introduction of the material, tractors with a three-point hitch rear are used. Directly with the active mixture the milling cutters interact - the action resembles loosening with subsequent consolidation. Depending on the design decision, on which the stabilization of the soil is realized, the construction of roads at this stage may provide for additional operations. For example, the operator can also distribute the water-emulsion binder, which will also be worked into the ground as a separate active substance.

Conclusion

Technologies for pavement engineering require special requirements for the formation of protective layers. The availability of high-quality insulation and drainage cover allows preserving the future road from many negative factors. In turn, the stabilization of the soil forms in some way the foundation upon which the physical pressure subsequently lies. This seal should not only withstand stress, but also ensure the integrity of the overall structure of the coating. It is for this purpose that viscous components are added to the stabilizing mixtures. In a single complex with lime and cement, they create a solid, frost-resistant and waterproof platform for the future road or site.