Special (defectological) education. Defectologist: where and by whom works

In higher education institutions, a wide range of training courses is offered. One of the specialties that can be seen in some universities, academies and institutes is "Special (defectological) education". People who have studied in this direction are considered unique and in demand by specialists in the modern world. What universities offer this direction of training? Who are the graduates who have mastered the educational program and have received diplomas?

Defectology education: the essence of the direction

Children and adults with disabilities need qualified assistance from specialists. It is provided by trained defect teachers. Such a profession is received by people after completing their studies in higher educational institutions in the direction of "Defectology education".

During the study each student studies a lot of disciplines. Among them are Pedagogy, Psychology, Medico-Biological Foundations of Defectology, and the Clinic of Intellectual Disabilities, etc. As a result of mastering the program, a person can engage in correctional-pedagogical and consultative-diagnostic activities :

• To correct developmental disabilities;
• To develop individual educational and corrective programs;
• To study the peculiarities of psychophysical development and the needs of persons with disabilities;
• Give advice to persons with disabilities, members of their families.

Profiles of special (defectology) education

Applying to the direction "Defectology education", applicants, as a rule, make a choice between profiles. Their number depends on the institution. For example, applicants for bachelor's degree can be offered the following profiles:

• "Special Psychology";
• "Speech therapy";
• "Pedagogical and psychological support of children with disabilities";
• «Oligophrenopedagogics».

To obtain deeper knowledge in many universities in the field of "Defectology (special) education", a master's program has been created. Training programs are as follows:

• "Inclusive education";
• "Pedagogical and psychological support for persons with disabilities";
• "Speech therapy (education of persons with speech impairment)";
• "Innovative technologies in defectology education".

The relevance of the specialty in the modern world

Universities, academies and institutes having the specialty "Defectology education" invite students to study. Members of admission commissions, teachers talk about its relevance, because at present the problem of education of children with disabilities is quite acute. About 9-11% of persons from the children's population need the help of educators-defectologists. Help is also needed by some adults.

People who have been trained in the direction of "Defectology special education" are engaged in the development, education and training of children with various developmental problems related to both the psychological sphere and the physical. Areas of work of specialists are aimed at individuals with acquired and congenital visual impairments, hearing, pathologies of the speech apparatus, decreased intelligence, psychoneurotic reactions.

Presence of necessary personal qualities

The direction of training "Defectology education" is interesting, but it does not suit all people. When choosing this specialty, it should be taken into account that the defectologist must possess certain personal qualities. This specialist should be:

• Initiative;
• Energetic;
• Benevolent;
• Tactful;
• Confident in the successful results of their activities, the applied correctional program.

The future specialist should be optimistic. The optimism of already working people is manifested in a socially active attitude towards a subject with limited opportunities, to a society in which pupils will be included, to themselves.

Getting an education in the RNU

Practically in every city there is a university, in which there is a direction "Defectology education". In Moscow, they operate a few. One of the educational institutions is the Russian New University (RNU). It is an autonomous non-profit educational organization that has existed since 1991.

"Defectology education" at the university offers a faculty of psychology and pedagogy. Upon admission, each applicant is given the opportunity to choose the most convenient form of training. On the daytime course, classes are held 5 days a week. Couples start at the university at 9 o'clock. On the correspondence form in the Russian new university students independently master the educational program. Classes in the university are held 2 times a year during sessions, the duration of which is about 20 days.

Training in MPSU

Among the universities that provide training for defectologists, one can also cite the example of the Moscow Psychological and Social University (IPSU). This educational organization is also an autonomous non-profit institution. The university has been operating since 1995.

Moscow Psychological and Social University, formerly called the Institute, implements a huge number of modern educational programs. Among them there is a "defectological education" in the baccalaureate. It offers full-time, full-time and part-time training. Master's programs for this direction in the university are not provided.

The future of graduates

People who have been trained in the field of "Defectology (special) education" in universities and graduates can work in different organizations:

• In educational institutions of all kinds and levels;
• In special (correctional) preschool, school and medical institutions;
• In the centers for the provision of psychological, medical, pedagogical and social assistance to the population;
• In social protection institutions;
• In charitable and public organizations to work with people who have limited opportunities.

Graduates expect hard work in the future. When working with a particular person, they will need to help not only him, but also his relatives. Let us give an example. So, the teacher-defectologist deals with the child in accordance with the developed correctional program. He and his parents, close relatives need the qualified help, because the family plays an important role in the process of correctional and pedagogical influence. The essence of helping parents consists in advising on development, education, socialization and integration of the child into society. Thus, the work will be difficult, but at the same time interesting, therefore the specialty "Defectology (special) education" deserves attention.