Spasm of the sphincter: the causes of the appearance and the ways of treatment

When a painful sensation of the anus opens, you need to understand how you can recognize spasm of the sphincter. This pathology is characterized by involuntary contractions of smooth muscles located in the anus. We will talk about the symptoms and treatment of this disease today.

Description of the disease

You can observe spasms in anus injuries, the presence of rectum diseases, vegetative disorders. Disruption of the intestine and colic can also lead to the development of pathology. This ailment is also called sphincteritis of the rectum, because its signs are similar to hemorrhoids, but you can still observe the failure of the sphincter. During illness the person will experience pains in the area of the anus, which can spread to the perineum, coccyx or abdomen. Pathology can be classified by duration and cause of occurrence.

Classification by duration

This ailment can have a different duration. Pathology distinguishes between long and rapidly passing. If the disease is fleeting, you can observe a sharp pain of a piercing or aching nature in the anus. Often painful sensations are given to the coccyx or the hip region. The patient may complain of pain in the perineal region. Such symptoms are often confused with patients with kidney disease, prostate or genitourinary system.

If the spasm of the sphincter of the rectum does not pass for a long period, severe pain is disturbed, and sometimes even anesthetizing drugs do not help, then it is urgent to go to the hospital. After a while, the pain can go away on its own, but then return with more force. Factors that lead to such pathology are often hidden in the psychological and emotional state of a person (psychological disorders, frequent stresses and so on). It should be noted that this disease is incredibly difficult to cope on your own, and you need to seek advice from the proctologist for the appointment of a correct treatment.

Classification by reason of origin

Depending on the cause of the disease, specialists distinguish the secondary and primary proctalgia. Primary is very rare and develops due to neurotic spasms of the coccygeal muscle and anus. Secondary proctalgia develops with concomitant pathologies of the rectum: tumors, cracks and hemorrhoids arising in the anal canal. It is not necessary to delay with the reference to the doctor and carrying out of diagnostics for timely elimination of symptoms of such illness, as a spasm of the anal sphincter.

Causes

To identify the cause of spasms, you first need to understand the functions and structure of the anus. The sphincter is internal and external, its outer part is made up of a number of receptor cells that influence and control the act of defecation. The inner part is fibrous. It is musculature smooth muscle, having an annular shape, and it can not be controlled by humans. The internal part helps to contain gases and feces. If the musculature and all internal muscles are damaged, there will be insufficiency and spasm of the sphincter.

Determining the source of the disease and knowing how to relax the sphincter of the rectum are very important. Most often this disease affects elderly people due to weak muscles. The manifestation of spasm leads to an unstable emotional state, and therefore this ailment often becomes a companion of women prone to hysterical fits. Also, sphincteritis occurs in the presence of trauma to the anal passage, for example, as a result of pancreatitis, duodenal ulcers, cracks, cholelithiasis, tumors, hemorrhoidal cones and hemorrhoids.

All these reasons are referred to as secondary proctalgia. They lead to the appearance of disturbances in the anal passage zone and changes in the organic state. To such reasons it is possible to carry trauma of an anus at the transferred operations in a zone of an anus or difficult sorts. It happens that the increased localization of nerve endings in the region of the anal opening hides the focus of spasms.

Spasm of the sphincter: the main symptoms

Depending on the type of pathology, pain can be of different nature and intensity. Sometimes the painful sensations disturb not only the anus, but also spread to the perineum, coccygeal zone and hip joints. Most often, pain occurs when defecating, but there are cases when it worries just like that. After a warm bath or defecation, the pain syndrome may disappear.

Spasm of the sphincter of the rectum happens also with prolonged stress. Complicate the situation of experiencing the patient after the appearance of manifestations of sphincteritis. If a person can not normally emptied, he may develop a mental disorder, as a result of which the patient will be emotionally unstable. Often, you can hear from a patient complaints of severe pain or pain. Because the pain is strong enough, a person is lost in determining their exact location and can perceive them as a disease of the genitourinary system and begin treatment for a very different ailment. When the therapy is started, the pain symptoms can be quickly eliminated.

What other symptoms of spasm of the sphincter happen? If there are spasms due to hemorrhoids, the presence of a crack or other diseases, as well as trauma to the anal passage, the pain is associated with an act of defecation. It arises from the moment of the desire to go to the toilet and can last for a day. The patient begins to be afraid of the emptying process and tries to endure, postpone it, thereby causing constipation. The most important thing here is to immediately consult a doctor with the first symptoms and begin to be treated on time, so that the sphincter failure leading to spasms is eliminated.

Diagnostics

First, the specialist should ask what the patient complains about, what kind of lifestyle he leads and what is the cause of the illness. Maybe a person has intestinal diseases, or he is tortured by constant colic, which will lead to the appointment of a comprehensive treatment. Often, injuries that were previously received, can serve as the primary cause of spasms. The doctor should find out whether the patient has nervous system diseases, mental disorders, pathologies of the genitourinary system or rectum.

When the focus of the disease is the primary proctalgia associated with the spasm of the smooth muscles of the internal organs, the patient can turn to a specialist for ignorance and receive incorrect treatment. First of all, with pain in the sphincter or colic in the anal passage, you need to contact the proctologist. The specialist will conduct an examination of the anus and an in-depth examination of the walls of the rectum by means of rectoscopy. Colonoscopy of the colon will be prescribed if necessary. The patient may be sent to a psychotherapist or psychologist if the doctor has noticed a mental disorder.

Treatment of spasm of sphincter

Treatment is appointed depending on the symptoms present and the course of the disease. Self-medication can not be done under any circumstances, therapy and diagnosis should be appointed by an experienced specialist. If the sphincteritis has worsened or lasts long enough, it will be necessary to resort to an operative intervention. At the initial stage, pharmacotherapy or treatment with folk remedies aimed at relieving pain may be appropriate.

Conservative therapy

Such treatment is aimed at eliminating both the symptomatology and the focus of the disease. Medications can help stop mucosal defects and inflammatory processes, and to reduce spasms, prescribed pain medication, antispasmodics. In case of complications, the doctor can prescribe medications with light antibiotics in the composition. To eliminate constipation, you need to take laxatives, but do not abuse them.

During the therapy, rectal ointments or suppositories ("Ultraproject", "Proctaglyvenol", "Relief Advance" and others) are used. In addition, there are suppositories with natural ingredients - sea-buckthorn, belladonna. Warm baths help reduce spasms and relax. Also, a doctor can prescribe microclysters with anti-inflammatory oil means and electrosleep. Constipation may appear due to intestinal dysbacteriosis or colic, and therefore should be addressed in their treatment. It is also possible spasm of the sphincter of the bladder. This is also quite unpleasant. As a result, urine is thrown into the ureters, which causes an inflammatory process.

Do not forget about personal hygiene: washing the anus in the morning and evening and after each emptying, so that toilet paper does not irritate and does not injure the mucous membrane. Important factors include a diet. It is necessary to reduce the consumption of allergenic products, smoked products, salted, spicy, eggs, cottage cheese, meat and fish to a minimum, so as not to irritate the mucosa of the digestive tract. It is also worth noting fried and fatty foods, fruits and raw vegetables (carrots, apples, cabbage, potatoes, strawberries and plums). You need to know how to remove the spasm of the sphincter.

Operative therapy

In the absence of the result of the use of conservative therapy and the continuation of spasms and sphincter deficiency, one will have to resort to surgical intervention. This procedure is called sphincterotomy. It is performed with the help of partial dissection of the muscles of the external sphincter, which causes relaxation of smooth muscles. To a greater extent, this procedure is prescribed to relieve the pain syndrome.

This operation is carried out in the event that there was a spasm of the sphincter of Oddi - the muscular valve located in the duodenum. It is also called postcholecystectomy syndrome, as a result of which a normal outflow of bile is disrupted.

Folk methods

Traditional medicine uses thermal baths and herbal enemas. The enema is best cooked using chamomile. A good effect is enjoyed by warm baths with the addition of a certain amount of potassium permanganate. However, do not forget that it is better to use folk remedies after the doctor's permission in order to avoid causing even greater harm to health.