Sitcom - what kind of genre is it?

Often on television, we hear a lot of unfamiliar or incomprehensible words to us. Sitcom - what is it? The genre of cinema, a short video or reportage, a game of actors, or maybe it's a kind of cartoon?

Sitcom is a situation comedy, characterized by permanent characters and a place of action throughout the series. Has a completed story at the end of each issue.

Thanks to the American radio in 1920, the genre of situational comedy appeared for the first time. The novel did not make her wait for her exit on the blue screens. In 1951 he released the first comedy series "I Love Lucy" in the genre of sitcom. Then officially this term was sounded. After which he began to apply to television comedy series.

Distinctive features of sitcom

Does the genre of the sitcom have distinctive features ? What are these characteristics and how do they make this style different from other films? Firstly, the duration of the sitcom usually is 22 minutes and 8 minutes of advertising. Temporary selection is due to the fact that the viewer quickly gets tired of strong emotions - fun. Secondly, sitcom sitcoms have a constant composition of characters, in which occasionally other characters appear occasionally. Thirdly, in the successful, according to the creators of the series, there is always an off-screen laughter. Fourthly, the main storyline of the paintings of this genre is accompanied by a separate comical situation in each series. The film "Friends" is one of the striking examples of the sitcom. For 10 years of filming, the TV series has been nominated 44 times, 6 times awarded the Emmy Award.

Some sitcoms are shot in the halls in the presence of spectators. This is especially developed in American serials. Therefore, laughing behind the scenes are recorded live.

Contrasts

Contrast in the genre of sitcom ... What is this? This is the presence of the main character's struggle with the villain. The opposition of good and evil is traced. Most sitcoms use contrasts. In soap operas and drama series, they are more pronounced. In sitcoms there is usually no clearly defined contrast. Usually, emphasis is placed on the characteristics of the main characters. For example, in the Russian sitcom "Voronin" it is told about a family couple with three children and parents living behind a wall, who constantly interfere in their relationship. Another Russian series - "Interns" - demonstrates the greatest contrast in the course of constant humiliating insults of his subordinates by the doctor Bykov.

Structure of the sitcom series

Usually the structure of the sitcom is linear, consisting of two or three acts. In the transition from one action to another, the conflict becomes more complicated. Each act always ends in a dramatic moment, in which the hero has complicated circumstances. After that there is an advertising break. This is done to ensure that the viewer was interested in viewing the series further and did not switch to another channel.

The life of the sitcom's characters in the tape proceeds cyclically. For example, a hero gets a job, in a new position he does not succeed. As a result, everything is getting better.

Types of sitcoms

Variety genre sitcom - what is it? Conditionally considered tapes can be divided into several types.

1. Youth or children's situation comedies. In them, the protagonists are mostly teenagers and children. They constantly get into stupid and ridiculous situations.

2. Sitcoms-comics. For example, the movie "Betman", shot with stunts and comic style fights.

3. Political situation comedies. For example, "Yes, Mr. Minister" - describes the life of a fictional ministry and its employees.

4. Office sitcoms talk about work days.

5. Family situation comedies and others.

Jokes

Jokes sitcom consist of several parts: set (setup), the most joke, gaga (punchline). It turns out that they have their own structure. Sunset at such a joke is important and thoughtful. Panchlayn, on the contrary, is biting. He turns the thought of going inside out.

A very important detail in the sitcom is the moment of waiting for laughter. After the joke said, the viewer should laugh at himself so as not to miss another important remark. And only after that you can start watching the series again.

To maintain the necessary level of jokes, the writer must track several factors. Namely: who will laugh and what will the audience watch the show?

The relevance of situational comedies

The sitcom series is widely popular and in demand all over the world. China, New Zealand, Denmark and India release their own films of this genre in large numbers. Usually, sitcoms do not spread beyond local television. In Canada and the UK, such series, in addition to local television, are broadcast outside their home countries. But they do not have wide popularity because of the small staff of script writers who can not keep jokes at a high level. The most popular sitcoms are the American ones. Above them works a whole professional staff of script writers. To introduce new ideas are invited, well- known famous filmmakers from the side.

Both in Russia and abroad, a stressful life requires a little discharge or discharge. Comedy series make a man laugh and relax. Thanks to such emotions, a hormone of happiness is produced - serotonin. It charges with energy, good mood and helps to relieve stress. Therefore, the rating of sitcoms is constantly moving up. TV viewers need such a relaxation, which forces the creators to shoot and invent new ideas for the series.

Popular sitcoms

Among the films of this genre on the professional topic (known to the whole world) are tapes: Doctor House, Clinic, Yes, Mr. Minister. To the animated sitcoms are: "The Simpsons", "South Park", "Griffins". Probably, these names are familiar to every representative of the youth audience. Children's animated sitcoms are represented by such masterpieces: "Oh, these kids!", "Hey, Arnold".

The first Russian sitcom "Cafe" Klubnichka "was released in 1996. In 2000, these films gained their peak of popularity. There was a serial "Happy Together". Situational comedy "My Fair Nanny" is a Russian version of the American TV series "Nanny". The film "Interns" took its idea from the American sitcom "Clinic", etc.

In Russia, the main share of situational comedies goes on the entertainment channels "STS" and "TNT." The sitcoms on these TV channels are broadcast every day and all new releases are periodically withdrawn.

main characters

In the film, the genre in question, one of the heroes must be silly. The more such characters in the series, the smarter the viewer feels. The higher the ratings of the sitcom. For example, the series "Interns" in one of the seasons showed a reasonable and calm Levin. And this affected the rating of the film, which gradually decreased. The same happened with the series "Real boys", when Bazanov went into the army.

A successful selection of heroes in the movie "Univer", which is broadcast on the channel "TNT" for many years. For the Voronin family on "STS" viewers are also watching for several years.

In the series "Zaitsev + 1" and "Love on the District", on the contrary, the main characters are not stupid enough, and these films were uninteresting to viewers. Lente "Zaitsev + 1" did not even help the famous French actor, who starred in this film (genre - sitcom). That this is a regularity, the filmmakers are already convinced.

In order for the viewer to always know which character is stupid in the series, the authors have to be reminded of this by the various absurd situations and expressions associated with this character.

An interesting technique was used in the sitcom "The Big Bang Theory." In it, heroes, on the contrary, are intellectually developed personalities. But they are not adapted to ordinary life. Which makes them very stupid.