Schedule of work (sample). Network, calendar schedule of works in construction in Excel

Almost all people perceive information better "drawn", not "listened". And even better, if this information is represented by images, rather than a series of figures and indicators. Imagine that an unfamiliar person talks about his dog. He does not describe her appearance and pedigree, does not specify the suit and age, etc. The imagination of each listener will draw his own image. And when we already imagine a handsome dog, it turns out that they told us about a lovely pug. In this situation, we will laugh, but, faced with something similar at the enterprise, will not be to laugh.

Therefore, in production, everyone tries to visualize as much as possible. One of the most important documents, especially in construction, is the schedule of work. We can safely say that the entire project without this schedule is a waste of time. Since it contains all the engineering and technical decisions taken, as well as optimized terms.

What is a calendar plan?

The very title of this document gives an idea of its importance and significance. The work schedule is a table showing all types of work, their scope and timing. In addition, the graph clearly shows the sequence of work performed, tied to specific dates (or just the duration of the various types of work - for typical projects). Most often this document also contains information on the resources needed at each stage of construction: basic materials, equipment and personnel.

The ability to schedule work is one of the most important skills of managers of different levels. The more accurate and detailed the schedule is, the better the planned work will be. Despite the fact that construction is considered to be the "native" branch of the work schedule, the leaders of all directions will not be hampered by knowledge of the principles of calendar planning.

Where to begin

Any work can be divided into small tasks. The simplest example is the preparation of a salad of fresh vegetables. It would seem that it is easier? But this elementary task can also be divided into a sequence of actions. First, buy all the ingredients, then wash them, cut them and mix them with the sauce. And all actions can be broken in time (there are breaks in the work), and can be done consistently, without discontinuities in time. In addition, all this can be done by one person, or maybe a whole team of cooks. So, there is a sequence of actions. It remains to calculate the execution time of each stage and determine how much and what staff is needed for this work. And the schedule of production is almost ready.

Regardless of the industry, when developing a calendar plan, you first need to select the composition of the work: break the entire process into components. And the criteria can be not only technological differences, but also the number of employees, and the necessary mechanisms and adaptations, etc.

Deadlines

After the entire production process is divided into a sequence of actions, it is possible to start calculating the deadlines for performing the work. For production and construction, there are standards and standards for calculating specific deadlines for a given amount of work. For mental work can not calculate the timing of the work on the formula. But the manager with extensive experience, who knows the information about his staff, can set the time frame for the solution of the task quite clearly.

Knowing the timing of each type of work, we can begin to determine the time required to implement the entire process. It should be remembered that some tasks can be handled in parallel, and for certain processes, technological breaks are also needed.

Calculation of resources

Of course, staff is an essential element of the process. The schedule of work in construction involves determining the number of performers, the specialization of workers and their qualifications. At this stage, we calculate the number and composition of the brigades and draw up a calendar plan for their employment at the site.

Next, we turn to the determination of the necessary equipment, mechanisms and devices. In industry, there are also standards for this. And, finally, the last, but no less important, is the calculation of the materials necessary for the work.

Calculation of terms of delivery of materials

All this information will allow to combine the schedule of works with the schedule of supplies of materials and equipment. Uniformity and continuity are the two basic principles of planning. Optimization of the schedule in the direction of reducing the time may not give the desired result, because in the work will appear simple due to lack of materials (or, conversely, the construction site will be literally packed with them, and therefore a lot of time will be needed to find the right one at the moment).

Force Majeure increases the time for completion of work

Another important detail - when drawing up a work plan, it is necessary to provide for possible risks. For construction it can be anything you like - from bad weather to stressful traffic on the roads. Taking into account the force majeure circumstances, it is necessary to slightly increase the deadlines for performing certain types of work. Most often, this affects the duration of the implementation of their entire volume.

Despite this, planners should not chase the minimization of time. After all, when the network schedule for the production of works is violated, the general contractor will have to pay a penalty to both the customer and the related contracting organizations.

Automating the construction of graphics

A few years ago, the calendar was drawn up manually. The specialists counted all the terms and the need for personnel and materials, and then visualized it using a graphic editor . For small amounts of work, this is a simple task. It's another matter if we are talking about a serious contractor organization, which leads several objects simultaneously.

Programmers develop many auxiliary programs designed to automatically calculate and build a schedule of work. A sample of a calendar plan calculated using Microsoft Office Project 2010 Professional, for example, is easily retrieved on the Internet. However, not every company will agree to spend additional funds for installing software and training personnel to work with it. In addition, each specialized program has its drawbacks. One does not take into account the possibility of shift work, the other without writing macros does not agree with the calculation of materials, for example, and so on.

Therefore, most specialists engaged in planning, learned how to build a schedule of work in Excel.

This program has many advantages:

1. It is free. In the sense that Excel is part of the standard MS Office package, which is unconditionally installed on almost every computer.
2. It's simple. Having minimal knowledge of the calculation of formulas and binding of sheets to each other, you can engage in planning.
3. It is obvious. All calculations and results are output on one sheet. And making changes is immediately displayed on the graph.