Sable (animal): interesting facts. Sable at home

Sable is a mammal that belongs to the family of Cunha. His closest relative is the marten. Units of representatives of the animal world can boast of such nobility, such elegance and harmony, as possessed by sable.

Sable (animal): description

Body in males reaches 60 cm in length and weighs 2 kg. Female is much more elegant, they are inferior to males in size. The trunk of the sable is slightly elongated, short legs, therefore, the back of the animal is always curved. Paws wide, perfectly adapted to terrestrial life. The animal has a very lush tail, whose length reaches 20 cm.

The sable has a triangular head, quite large. Muzzle slightly pointed, framed by triangular large ears.

The real wealth of this animal is its thick, magnificent fur, which becomes even thicker in winter, covering claws and paw pads. In the summer, the color of the torso is monophonic, dark-brown, paws and tail slightly darker. In winter, his hair becomes paler. A light shade marks out the head, a bright spot often appears in the throat region, which is not observed in the summer.

Due to different color variants, the animal had different names: "fur" - the lightest, "head" - black sable, "collar" - intermediate color.

Spread

Sable is an animal (photo presented in this article), which lives in the taiga region of Eurasia. The bulk is found in the Far East and Siberia. In addition, a small number of animals exists in Korea, Mongolia, in the north-eastern part of China, in the north of the island of Hokkaido (Japan).

If in this space the animal used to live in a huge quantity, then at the present moment because of intensive fishing its area has sharply decreased. At the beginning of the 20th century, the density of the population was at least 10%. Coniferous taiga is the house of sable. The animal never goes beyond it. It can be found in dark coniferous forests, where spruce, fir, cedar grows, where it is dark and damp. He chooses hard-to-reach, littered places, covered with stones, moss, branches.

Lifestyle

Sable is a unique animal, which leads a nomadic and sedentary way of life. The beast is attached to a certain area and rarely goes beyond its boundaries in life. Forest fires, natural disasters, lack of food, massive deforestation can only force the animal sable, interesting facts about the life of which is given in this article, to leave the habitat.

The animal on its site has a large number of temporary shelters and several permanent ones. The latter are divided into winter and brood. The sable is characterized by the fact that it does not construct its own houses, but uses natural voids.

He chooses gorges between stones, niches under vyvorotni, hollow in lying decks or trees. In winter, to his nest, he makes his way under the snow. The animal does not hide the animal, which means that it can be easily found by a huge number of tracks that converge in a common place.

Food

Sable - the animal is almost omnivorous. Basically, its food is various rodents, mice, shrews, moles, chipmunks. At times, he catches pisces between rocks, sometimes he eats protein. Large males can even hunt rabbits. Small small passerines (adults, chicks, eggs), black grouse, partridge can become food of the animal from birds. Although they hunt very rarely.

Sable, who live in the Far East, can also eat fish. During the spawning of the animals come to the banks of the rivers, where they pick up dead fish. In the winter season, when it is more difficult to get food, the sable feeds on carrion. If a large beast dies, a huge amount of these small animals feed on its carrion. Especially for this they arrange nearby temporary shelters.

Sable with pleasure and regale and honey. Having found a hollow of bees, he will come to him until he completely empties it (larvae, honeycombs, and also bees themselves). Although its main food is berries and fruits. He often steals cedar nuts from other animals' beetles; in winter, from the snow, he extracts berries left on branches (cranberries, blueberries, cloudberries).

Reproduction

Sable - an animal, fertilization and reproduction of which scientists have studied for a long time. Small sable bearers appear in the spring, mainly in April, in the number of 2-5 individuals. Birth occurs in one of specially equipped shelters, which the female lays with moss, wool and hay. The weight of newborns is about 30 g, while they are completely helpless. In a month they begin to distinguish various sounds, and also open their eyes.

Subspecies

There are several subspecies of animals that differ in habitat, fur and color:

• Sayan;
• West Siberian;
• Sakhalin Sable;
• Barguzin sable ;
• The Yenisei;
• The Kamchatka sable.

Fishing

Sable - an animal that is valued for very thick fur. Such wealth to the animal brought many misfortunes. His skin is very expensive. It began to be called "soft gold". Consequently, these animals were constantly hunting. Because of this, its population has decreased significantly.

From his fur they make hats and fur coats. The peoples of Siberia at the same time did not appreciate the fur of the sable, and they upholstered them from the bottom of the skis. Local hunters tried to keep the livestock of animals. Hunting for it was carried out only once in 3 years, so that the population would recover.

Ways of hunting

Sable - an animal, which is placed traps or hunt with husky. In the latter case, the animal is driven to a tree where it is already being shot. But if the sable hide in thickets, it is almost impossible to drive him out. Then the hunters around this place arrange a network, after which they begin to kick him out with a feeler gauge. This method of hunting was called a litter.

Taming the Sable

It should be noted that taming easily sable. An animal at home reminiscent of the behavior of a cat. This animal very quickly gets used to the owner. At the present moment, sables are bred mostly artificially, at fur farms. In captivity, sable (pet) can live up to 18 years.

Restoration of the number

While retaining the size of the animal, attempts were made to breed it in the reserves, and then settle in other territories. It turned out to be a difficult task, because at first it was difficult to get offspring. It was necessary to study the habits of the animal, with a lot of effort.

When planning the reintroduction of the animal, it is necessary to carefully study the territory of its release, and also to check whether it lived there before. Great change is in the situation (fires, deforestation). After re-introduction in this section, the fishery must be stopped for a while.

To determine the territory for the sable, the availability of a feed base, nesting sites, animal competitors and predators is crucial.

Breeding of sables in captivity

Some difficulties arise when breeding animals at home. Sable - a moving animal, therefore, it needs a large area for life. The cage needs to be specially equipped: to provide a secure bolt, enough space, the windows to tighten with a metal mesh. Zverek very smart, he can open the lock without difficulty. To him it was not boring, you can provide plastic toys, because the animal is very fond of playing.