Mineral resources of the Perm region: location, description and list

Russia - the richest country in the world for deposits of minerals. Many of its territories store in their bowels deposits of natural gas, oil, ore, etc. One of such areas, which is famous for its underground wealth, is the Perm region.

General information about Perm Krai

Permsky Krai is a constituent of the Volga Federal District. Was established on 1.12.2005. Previously, it was called the Perm Region, to which the Komi-Permyak Autonomous District was annexed.

In the Komi language, the edge is called the word "Parma", which means the elevation, which is covered with spruce forest. There is an opinion that the name "Perm" comes from the word "Parma". Residents of the region are called Perms.

Geographically, the Perm region belongs to the Western Urals and is located at the junction of Europe and Asia. Its area is 160,600 sq. Km. Km, which is about 1% of the area of Russia.

General information about the underground resources of the Perm Region

The complex relief of the mountainous and flat territory of the region explains the richness of its bowels. The minerals of the Perm Territory are actively mined and satisfy the raw materials needs of both the region and the whole country. Nearly 1400 deposits of various types of minerals have been discovered and explored in the territory of the region, of which there are more than 49 species.

The existence of minerals determines the life of any Russian region. They are used for the development of industries of industrial production, agriculture, construction. What are the minerals in the Perm region?

The subsoil of the province contains various ores, natural gas, salt, oil, peat, gold and even diamonds, limestone, building materials, and much more.

Exploration of minerals is a hard, painstaking work. This is done by geologists. The geological concept of "Permian period" is known all over the world. It was discovered by the scientist from England Roderick Murchison, who in 1841 made an expedition to the banks of the river. Egoshikhi and first discovered deposits of ancient rocks.

Deposits of salts

Minerals of the Perm region are famous for deposits of salts. The Verkhnekamsk salt deposit is the second largest in the world in terms of its reserves. It is located not far from Solikamsk and Berezniki. Powerful salt formations here are at different depths from 90 to 600 m. The upper layer is rock salt, followed by potassium-magnesium, and the lowest one forms a potassium, combined with a stone one.
The presence of such a salt deposit is due to the sea, which was located on the territory of Permsky Krai 200 million years ago and then disappeared.

The mining of minerals in the Perm region began many centuries ago. In the 15th century, the first saline fishery was organized by Novgorod merchants Kalinnikov. Later, the extraction of salt was noticeably expanded by the Stroganovs, who exported it for sale to other regions and abroad.

At the beginning of the 20th century potassium and magnesium salts were discovered. In the Perm region there are potassium salts of pinkish color, which are called sylvinite. It is raw materials for the production of fertilizers, glass, etc. Salts of orange color and dark red color are obtained from which valuable magnesium metal is obtained, used in aircraft and shipbuilding.

Combustible minerals

Combustible minerals of the Perm Territory are represented by a variety of species.
The first oil in the Kama region was discovered in 1929. It happened near the village of Verkhnechusovskiy Gorodki and became a sensation. The second Krasnokamskoye oil field was discovered in 1934. Later it was found in other parts of the region. Permian oil is famous for its high quality.

Today about 160 hydrocarbon deposits are known in the region, among which 3 gas, 89 oil and 18 gas oil are being developed. The main extraction is in the southern and central regions. The most developed deposits are Krasnokamskoye, Polaznenskoye, and also Osinsky, Kudinsky, Chernushinsky.
The Perm region is rich in deposits of coal. It was mined in two districts: Kizel and Gubakhi. Kizelovsky coal basin for a long time was the source of this fuel for most of Russia.

According to geological research, there are a lot of peat in the Perm Territory - about 2 billion tons.

"Precious" minerals

In the Krasnovishersky region of the region, diamonds are mined. Diamond deposits were discovered in the Gornozavodsky district in the basin of the river. Koiva. The first diamond in Russia was found in the Perm region, in 1829.

In the region for over a hundred years in the basin of the river. Vishera is mining gold. The largest deposit is Chuval'skoe, which was discovered in 1898, as well as Popovskaya Sopka. The deposits of marble, quartz, citrine, selenite and uvarovite are found.

Building Minerals

Above it was considered, what minerals the Perm region is rich with. However, this is not the whole list. The great variety of construction minerals in the Perm region.

There are many minerals that are used in dyes. There are deposits of wolkonskoite, used in the production of paints and enamels. Its main deposits are in the Chastinsky district. Iron wax is represented by Solovinsky, Shudinsky, Paltynsky deposits.

There are 42 places of ocher extraction located in Kosinsky, Berezovsky, Kungur, Gornozavodsky and other areas. The region is actively mining limestone, which is used for the production of conventional construction lime. There are 7 deposits known: Mount Matushkova, Chikalinskoye, Severo-Sharashinsky, Bolshaya-Sarsinskoye, Vsevolodo-Vilvenskoe, Sharashinsky, Gubakhinskoye.

There are deposits of dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite in Ordinsky and Uinsky areas, and there are 37 objects of expanded clay. The largest of them are the Sanator and Kostarevskoye deposits.

Clay deposits are located in almost every administrative district. There are deposits of sands-otoshchiteley, sand-gravel mixtures, etc.

Mineral processing of Krai

The geological map of the region is striking in its diversity and richness of subterranean depths. We have described above which minerals are mined in the Perm region. It remains to learn how the raw material base is used. The processing of minerals in the Perm region is carried out by a number of industrial branches. Among them - machine building, oil refining, fuel, metallurgy, chemical, petrochemical, gas industry, etc.

The modern complex of enterprises for the extraction and processing of gas and oil is functioning effectively.

97% of all potash fertilizers in Russia are produced in the Perm region.
In the Russian market, the region is the leader in a number of industrial processing industries.