Rook in chess. Chess for beginners

Chess without exaggeration is a legendary game that appeared at the dawn of our era. They are really "old men" amidst the entertainment elements that have ever been created by mankind. Although, by and large, entertainment in this case is controversial, since the action of chess is deeper, they pacify and train logic. The representative of each of the pieces on the board is individual, has its own character and behavior. For example, as a rook walks in chess, it will not be possible to repeat a horse or pawn.

History of the game

Until now, it has not been established exactly the timing of the appearance of chess and the conditions under which this happened, so we have to be content with guesses. One of the most popular legends is the following. The peasant who created the chess showed the game of Raja, who was ruling at that time, and the last game was so much liked that he offered the author any award to choose from. A modest creator of amusement asked for just a little - as much grain as would fit on the chessboard. And the principle of placement was intricate and based on the degree of deuce - one grain was placed on the first square of the board, two on the second, four on the third, and so on, until the last one, 64 cells. The ruler was pleased - such a small fee for such a fortunate invention. He called the servants, unlocked the barn and realized that he could not fulfill the condition, since at the output of the calculations, a countless amount of grain was obtained, which would fill a room of 180 cubic meters without a residue! Raja, having given due credit to the peasant's mind, gave all the grain that was in stock, which the latter, insignificantly sumnyasya, divided equally among the villagers.

The story is beautiful, but when you look at chess you can come to the conclusion that this game has become the fruit of the activities of many times and many peoples, since it is too perfect and deep to become the fruit of one person's activity.

Europe learned about chess only to the Xth century thanks to the ubiquitous Vikings, but did not use them until the 15th century, as the gloomy Middle Ages dictated its rules to people, placing humility, repentance and religion at the center. Man is nothing, a grain of sand in the common creation of God. With the advent of the Renaissance, the situation changed dramatically - people began to position themselves as a separate unit, striving for multilateral development. It was time for chess - every aristocratic house, according to the unofficial rule, was obliged to have them, and people tried to outdo each other in the appearance of the figures or their size. Among the powerful worlds of the time, large chess pieces the size of a man were popular, which were moved by servants.

Chess as they are

In the classical version, without grotesque extremes, this is a table game that develops strategic thinking and logic. It consists of a two-colored board in which squares of dark and light color alternate, which are numbered vertically by numbers from 1 to 8, horizontally - by letters of the Latin alphabet from a to h. Also in the game are two identical sets of figures, again of contrasting colors. The principle of the game is not difficult, chess for beginners - it's just a sequence of moves, and then as lucky, however, with the growth of knowledge, they can turn into a full-fledged battle.

Command structure

Each of the sets of figures includes the following elements:

• Eight pawns;
• Two horses;
• Two elephants;
• Two rooks;
• One queen (queen);
• One king.

Figures on the chessboard are placed similarly to the image below.

Logical dramas

Chess is a recognized game for the development of logic. Sometimes the battle that unfolds on the board, the heat is not inferior to the real. The ability to see and evaluate the whole picture, to think two or three steps ahead, to understand that even a single rook in chess can really change the situation - this is all that gives hobby to chess. Each figure that participates in the battle has its own character, its own tactics of behavior.

Pawns at first glance seem to be a small change in the game, they can only go forward one square and beat diagonally. However, if this figure reaches the opposite edge of the board, then it can be exchanged for the figure that is required by the player. As a rule, no one takes time and immediately takes the queen.

Elephants go exclusively diagonally, but at the same time in both directions, which makes the radius of damage palpable.

The horses are known even to those who do not play chess, since the "letter D" step is legendary.

The rook in chess is a heavy artillery on the board and is second only to the queen. He walks in a straight line in all directions.

The queen combines the properties of the elephant and the rook, being the strongest element among the figures.

The king walks like a queen, only one square.

Consider separately the most significant after the queen figure on the board.

Rook

In value, this figure is equivalent to five pawns, and earlier we found out how a rook walks in chess, but it differs from its brethren not only by this. A rook is a defender. She participates in a specific chess move - castling, in which she moves so that the king is under confident protection. Also this figure is characterized by total dictate and, regardless of the point of the chess field, is able to control 14 fields. In special cases, the enemy can put a mate, having from the army only a rook and a king.

All seriously

Logic to logic, strategy to strategy - mathematics, combinatorics and the rook, it turns out, have much in common. There is even such a thing as a rook polynomial. In practice, it denotes the number of ways that a rook in chess can be placed in the number n of pieces. And this polynomial works only in two-dimensional and three-dimensional space, the multidimensional question while is open. A theorem is proved that shows that the rook expression, regardless of the board, has only real roots. Thanks to this, combinatorics got the ground to derive those inequalities that were previously impossible. Thus, the game, which was initially perceived as fun, became the impetus for new mathematical discoveries, and much still lies ahead.