Rational knowledge

Consciousness is a conscious being or attitude of a person to one's own being. Knowledge is an objective reality existing in the mind of a person, reflecting or reproducing in his activity the natural and objective connections of the world. Cognition is the process by which a person studies the world or himself. With the help of it we get knowledge that helps to develop and create something new. The science of knowledge is called epistemology.

Rational cognition is nothing more than a cognitive process, realized through various forms of mental activity. The opposite of it is sensory cognition, in which a person receives knowledge about objects, as well as phenomena of the surrounding world with the help of his senses.

Rational cognition and its forms

All its forms have some common characteristics. First of all, we note that they all have a tendency to reflect precisely the general properties of objects of knowledge. They are also characterized by abstraction from single properties. The relationship to the cognizable reality is mediated. Also worth mentioning is their relationship with the language.

Rational knowledge in philosophy has three forms: the first - the concept, the second - the judgment, the third - the conclusion. In the concept all the basic properties of an object are concluded, a proposition denies or affirms something about a given object or phenomenon, and inference allows one to obtain new judgments from one or several old ones.

Rational knowledge also has search forms:
- problem;
- hypothesis;
- the question;
- idea.
Forms of system expression of knowledge about objects:
- the law;
- scientific fact;
- scientific picture of the world;
- theory;
Principle.
There are also forms of normative knowledge:
- method;
- method;
- the program;
- reception;
- algorithm;
- cognitive tradition and so on.

There is a definite connection between the forms of sensory and rational cognition . Her character can be complex and dynamic. The main point is that the data received in a sensual manner are immediately subjected to mental processing. Rational knowledge is formed on the basis of information that comes directly from the senses. Intuition can be cited as a vivid example of the unity of rational and sensory cognition.
Rational knowledge is regulated by the laws of logic: the law of non-contradiction, identity, sufficient grounds, the excluded third. It is also regulated by the rules by which the consequences of the assumptions are deduced.
Rational cognition (its process) is always controlled and made consciously. On the way to a concrete result, the subject of cognition justifies and realizes each step very clearly. For this reason, it is called cognition in logical form (the process of logical cognition).

Rational cognition in itself is not exhausted by processes alone. It also includes the comprehension of the sought. Such a result can be achieved unconsciously and uncontrollably. This is called intuition. Intuition itself is a kind of illumination that comes unexpectedly. In other words, this is knowledge that is received without reasoning.

For a long time the essence of intuition was not disclosed. Scientific methods for its study are not applicable. It is also worth noting that it is not subject to logical analysis. Over time, scientists have come to the conclusion that it is a special form of cognition. It was possible to identify its main varieties:
- sensual intuition;
- intellectual intuition.
In the first case, the cognizer gets any knowledge instantly, based only on identity, in the second - through synthesis and evaluation.