Principles of the organization of the production process

When organizing production, one must not proceed from certain principles, the appropriate use of which will increase the efficiency of work in the enterprise and make the expenditure of resources more rational. The main principles of production organization include: the principle of differentiation, specialization, concentration and integration, proportionality, directness, parallelism, rhythm, continuity, flexibility, automation, electronization. All of them differ in importance and can have different values in different conditions.

The principle of differentiation means the division of production into several technological processes, transitions, operations and receptions. Analysis of a single element makes it possible to select the most favorable conditions for its implementation, which ensure the minimization of the costs of all resources. Nevertheless, excessive differentiation causes increased fatigue in manual operations due to the intensity and monotony of production processes.

The principle of differentiation flows into the principle of concentration and integration when using modern equipment. The organization of production involves a reasonable combination of all the basic and additional processes that can ensure the shortest time for its successful implementation. Do not forget that the main goal of the organization of production is to save time and ensure production efficiency and high product quality.

The following principles of the organization of the production process are considered common and can take place either singly or in combination.

The principle of specialization of production is based on minimizing the variety of work performed and production processing regimes. For example, to make the organization of the production process more appropriate, in some cases, employees have to master adjacent specialties to ensure the interchangeability of employees in production. Such principles of organization also imply limiting the range of products or parts.

The principle of proportionality is based on the consistency of all elements of production, and primarily - on production capacity and productivity. It must be respected in both the main and auxiliary processes.

Parallel work in production means the simultaneous execution of production operations, as well as the fact that the principles of organization have the same effect on the production process and its individual elements. Parallelism can manifest itself both in the performance of a single operation, and in related operations and processes.

The next principle is the principle of directionality . It means ensuring the shortest path of movement of assembly units and parts in production. The principle of continuity is expressed in the continuity of the work of equipment and workers and the movement of the object of labor. This principle, like other principles of organization, is very important in the production process.

The principle of rhythm is based on the production of equal volumes of production. Rhythmicity allows to use production capacities of the enterprise most fully and effectively.

In the conditions of a modern production process, it is very important to follow the principle of automaticity , since it is it that increases the intensification and efficiency of production. Automation leads to an improvement in the quality of work, an increase in the total volume of output of parts, the replacement of manual labor with intellectual, and so on.

As you can see, the principles of production organization are very diverse, but all directly affect the production process and its quality, so it is important to adhere to each of them in the relevant situations at various stages of manufacturing.