Method for analyzing hierarchies

In order to make certain managerial decisions , and also for the purpose of preliminary forecasting of probable results, the person who is entrusted with the decision-making often faces a significant number of interdependent elements whose system is rather complicated.

The analysis should be subjected to available resources, expected results or targets. In the case when economic elements are reduced to numbers (monetary, quantitative equivalent, and also weight and time), it turns out that the capabilities of a person are directly dependent on the measured factors.

If the constructed probability model works poorly, then it means that essential details are missed during the adoption of various assumptions. Thus, social sciences blame the failure of politicians, the weakness of the human character, and other factors that are considered temporary annoying misunderstandings. However, they are the basic elements that need to be measured in order to obtain a reliable result.

In modern society, there is a large number of information technologies, the use of which makes it possible to facilitate our lives as much as possible and provide assistance in the event of a problem associated with the adoption of a specific decision in various fields of activity. One of the most common systems of goal approval is the hierarchy analysis method. It was developed by T. Saati, an American scientist.

Hierarchy refers to a particular kind of system, which is based on the assumption that its elements are capable of producing sets that are unrelated. The components of each sector are influenced by members belonging to a particular sphere, while influencing other groups. The hierarchy analysis method allows the independence of the elements in each level and is performed as the following scheme:

- distribution of the existing problem in the choice, representing a network or hierarchy;
- identification of priorities, assessments, and criteria for all alternative solutions;
- Calculation of the importance coefficients applied to elements of all levels, taking into account consistency of judgments;
- calculation of the weighted combined coefficient and determination of the best solution.

The method of analyzing hierarchies as its key task puts forward a higher-level assessment, taking into account the interaction of different stages. The direct dependence of the elements is not taken into account. At present, the construction of a system in the form of hierarchical steps appears in various sciences. The problem is broken down into the simplest components, which makes it possible to process the successive actions of persons making a certain decision with greater certainty.
The method of analyzing hierarchies, an example of which can be described in the form of grouping employees into workers, masters, managers, and so on, for analysis of the production cycle , provides for linear subordination.

Sometimes the upper level can be in a dependent position, while at the same time exerting a certain influence. Such an example of a hierarchy is non-linear. The method of analysis of this type in the simplest form is based from the very vertex, passing through the intermediate criteria to the lowest step. It is a complex of alternatives.

The method of analyzing hierarchies involves the following stages:

- finding problems;
- the construction of a hierarchical ladder, which consists in splitting the task into separate components;
- determination of the weight of alternatives;
- an estimation of a priority of each available element;
- checking consistency between priorities;
- solution.