Marshal Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich: short biography, photos, quotes, awards

Baghramyan Ivan Khristoforovich, whose short biography is presented in this article, was born in 1897, on November 20, in the village of Chardakhly, located on the territory of Azerbaijan, not far from Elizavetpol. He was from a poor family.

His father worked as a railwayman. Ivan himself learned to read and write. He received his first education in the parish school of the Armenian school. After this, in 1907-12, Ivan continued his studies in Tiflis, at the local railway school. From 1912 to 1915 Bagramyan received a specialty already in a technical school, and then became a technician-practitioner.

Commencement of military service

Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich worked for several months, after which he joined the ranks of the Russian army as a volunteer. He began military service in the reserve battalion of infantry, then served in the second frontier regiment (infantry). Being an educated and brave man, Bagramyan was awarded the order to the school of ensigns. He graduated in 1917. After that, Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich participated in the battles with the Turkish bashi-bazouks. He served first in the third rifle regiment, and then in the first cavalry Armenian division.

The February Revolution and the Civil War in the Fate of Baghramyan

Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich (his photo is presented in this article) in the days of the February Revolution was influenced by the Dashnaks. On their side, he served until 1920, until the Armenian counter-revolution was suppressed. Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich entered the Red Army in the end of 1920 as a volunteer. He served there for the first time as commander of the First Armenian Regiment, and then actively participated in the Civil War (in the 11th Army) at the commanding post. Ivan Khristoforovich also helped establish the power of the Soviets on the territory of Georgia and Armenia.

Until February 1921, he was commander of a squadron, an assistant commander. In 1921, from March to September, he was secretary of the Georgian Military Mission of the Armenian Soviet Union. After some time, he again took up his previous position. Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich headed the reconnaissance of the regiment until the end of 1923.

Continuing education

After the Civil War ended, he passed special courses aimed at improving the commander's staff. As commander of the regiment, he was sent in 1923 to the Armenian Rifle Division. Bagramyan from 1924 to 1925 studied at the Cavalry courses for the commanding staff in the city of Leningrad. His classmates were outstanding personalities, such as KK Rokossovsky and GK Zhukov. After graduation, Bagramyan returned to his division for a previously held position. In it, he served until 1931.

Bagramyan in 1931 began training at the Academy. Frunze. He graduated in June 1934. In 1935, on November 29, Bagramyan received the rank of colonel. The following year, beginning in October, he took up his duties in the operational department of the headquarters, becoming his boss. At that time, mass purges of the Red Army were carried out in the country. Bagramyan also had compromising evidence. However, he was able to save him - AI Mikoyan intervened.

Bagramyan in October 1938 graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff. In it, he remained to serve as a teacher of tactics.

Beginning of the Great Patriotic War in the fate of Ivan Khristoforovich

After the Great Patriotic War began, the Kiev Military District was renamed the South-Western Front. Ivan Khristoforovich became head of the operational department and deputy chief of staff of this front. At this post, he participated in the development of the 1st powerful offensive of the Army near Lutsk, Rovno and Dubno. It slowed down the offensive of the German tank forces, but did not save the entire South-Western Front. Unwillingness to give Kiev to the German invaders led to the fact that the front was surrounded. The surrounding divisions were given the last order - to try to escape towards Romny, where they tried their best to keep the passage of the troops. The front headquarters as a result was divided, and its officers began to command separate groups. Ivan Khristoforovich managed to withdraw his troops from the encirclement. Their number was about 20 thousand. For participation in the Kiev defensive operation in 1941, on August 12, he was awarded the rank of Major-General. Bagramyan received as an award the Order of the Red Banner.

Bagramyan becomes commander of the South-Western Front. Rank of Lieutenant-General

The headquarters of the South-Western Front was destroyed, and Bagramyan was appointed commander of this front. The army's counter-offensive against Rostov was carried out according to his plan during the difficult days of fighting for Kiev. Bagramyan himself actively participated in the management of the army. The German invaders as a result of this operation were thrown back from the city of Rostov-on-Don. This was a significant contribution to the victory gained at the Moscow battle. Bagramyan was sent in winter to command the groups of forces in the region of the capital. Successful counteroffensive, with which he led, was the reason that some parts of the Wehrmacht, which were not far from Yelets, were defeated. The Red Army managed to drop the Germans by 80-100 km, thus destroying the Yeletsky ledge. Bagramyan for the brilliant work was awarded the rank of Lieutenant-General.

1942 in Bagramyan's career

Ivan Khristoforovich continued to command in the South-West direction. Since January 1942, under his leadership, an offensive Barvenkovo-Lozovskaya operation was developed and carried out. In the same year, in May, he participated in the planning of the offensive Kharkov operation. Due to mistakes made, however, it became unsuccessful. A large group of Russian troops managed to be surrounded by the German army during this offensive, and then to destroy it. Due to these failures, the German invaders had a chance to break into the Caucasus and Stalingrad. The commander and chief of staff of the South-Western units were removed from their posts. This fate was not ignored by such a talented military man as Ivan Bagramyan, whose brief biography interests us. The direction itself was disbanded. Nevertheless, after the onset of the offensive, his poor preparedness became clear. The command expected first of all that in the summer the fascists would again try to seize Moscow. The active offensive was decided to continue Tymoshenko. However, he later realized the fact that the resistance of enemy troops became more active. The order to stop the offensive led to the fact that the Germans were given the opportunity to surround the Russian troops again. The failure of this operation caused the front commander and the staff officers to lose their posts.

Ivan Khristoforovich, who had to leave his post, was for some time in reserve. But already in 1942, in July, he was sent to the Western Front commander of the 16th Army. In the course of battles, his army inflicted considerable damage on the enemy, especially in the winter of 1942-43.

1943 year

After some time, the army headed by Baghramyan was renamed the 11th Guards Army. In the summer of 1943, during the Battle of Kursk, speaking at the front as part of the Bryansk Front, his troops successfully conducted a flank operation, which made a significant contribution to the defeat of the main grouping of enemy troops. The blow from the flank, which was inflicted by Baghramyan's army, was sudden for the Germans. During the first two days of the offensive, the troops succeeded in penetrating the enemy defenses 25 km into the south. The Germans began to move their troops south and east of the Eagle in order to stop the offensive operation. As a result, the activity of the Russian offensive on the Bryansk Front only increased. In addition, the armies of the Central Front, which launched an active offensive on July 17, also began to advance successfully towards Eagle. In 1943, on August 5, the Russian troops managed to completely dislodge the Germans from the Eagle. They now headed towards Bryansk. Bagramyan for successful operations received the Order of Suvorov first degree and the rank of colonel-general.

On November 17, 1943, Ivan Khristoforovich was given the rank of army general. Ivan Bagramyan, whose biography will be marked by many achievements, was appointed November 19 commander of the first Baltic front. Bagramyan commanded armies that successfully carried out the Gorodok offensive operation, and also took an active part in the offensive Belarusian operation and in the offensive Baltic.

Continuation of successful actions in 1944

In 1944, the army, led by Ivan Khristoforovich, acted with particular success near Vitebsk, as well as in the process of transferring troops from the front in the Memel direction during the offensive Baltic operation. For successful organization of troops received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich. His awards are numerous, but this is particularly significant.

The Last Year of the War

In 1945, in the spring, he became commander of the operational combat Zemland group. It was formed on the basis of the first Baltic front. This group of troops was included in the third Belorussian Front. She was in the subordination of AM Vasilevsky, Marshal of the Soviet Union. With the support of aviation, Baghramian's troops launched an offensive on Koenigsberg. Within a few days he was successfully captured. Soon all the Zemland's enemy troops suffered a setback.

In 1945, April 24, Marshal Vasilevsky , while preparing for the fighting in the Far East, was taken from the front. Bagramyan, the army general, becomes commander of the third Byelorussian Front. Ivan Khristoforovich served in this rank until the end of the Great Patriotic War. In 1945, on June 24, he led the regiment of the first Baltic front during the celebration of victory.

The fate of Baghramyan after the war

After the war, General Bagramyan began to command the Baltic Military District. For health reasons in May 1954, he moved to the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, to the Group of Inspectors General. A year later, on March 11, he was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. In addition, Bagramyan became deputy minister of defense of the country.

The death of Baghramyan

He died on September 21, 1982. Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich (1897-1982) was buried in Moscow, on the Red Square. He is the author of the books "On the road to the Great Victory" and "So began the war." The country has not forgotten such a hero as Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich. Quotations of him, which can be called the most popular - "So we went to victory" and "Great adopted sons of the Caucasus" (about Pushkin and Lermontov). Few of his statements received great fame, which can not be said about himself.

Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich received many awards. A brief biography, which you just read, gives basic information about it. We hope you learned something new from her. Not everyone knows about what an outstanding man Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich was. His biography was written by us in order to acquaint the readers with him.