Marino - Manor of Stroganovs in the Tosno District of the Leningrad Region. The family estate of the Stroganov-Golitsyns

Interesting places in the Leningrad region have always attracted great interest from all over the world. These are magnificent palaces and manors, inextricably linked with the history of our country. In the Leningrad region (Tosno region), in a small village of Andrianovo, which is located sixty kilometers from St. Petersburg, is one of such remarkable places. Today, everyone can appreciate its splendor.

The family estate of the Stroganoff-Golitsyns (the Marino estate ) was abandoned for a long time. During the Great Patriotic War, it was badly damaged. In addition, and his time did not spare - the magnificent park came to desolation, and the master's house lost its original appearance. It seemed that the history of this beautiful structure was completed, but several years ago the count's estate and the adjacent territories were bought by GG Stepanova. She is the mistress of the famous St. Petersburg artist museum in St. Petersburg. Since then, in Marino (the Stroganov manor), large-scale reconstruction works are under way. Much has been done, but more needs to be done to restore the unique monument.

Marjino (Leningrad region): history of creation

The history of this estate dates back to 1726. Then on the land, where today is the village of Andrianovo, began to build a farm. This territory belonged to the ancient and already rich and noble family of the Stroganovs at the time. She supervised the construction and improvement of the estate of Baroness M. Ya. Stroganov, who was the kuma of Emperor Peter I. Her husband, Grigory Dmitrievich Stroganov, was not interested in the country estate and completely entrusted his creation to his energetic wife.

As a result, a rather large but unremarkable manor house appeared on the territory of the estate.

The new hostess

Cardinally, the estate began to change in 1811, when its new owner was Sofya Vladimirovna Stroganova, the youngest daughter of N. P. Golitsyna. Her brother was the Moscow Governor-General, Prince Golitsyn D.

Constantly living in Moscow, the Golitsyns were frequent guests at Ekaterina Stroganova, in the Bratsevo Manor. Here was the meeting of the seventeen-year-old beauty Sophia Golitsyna with the twenty-year-old Pavel Stroganov. In May 1793, the young people were married. For both it was a beautiful party, which was approved by Prince Golitsyn.

At first, the young family lived in Moscow, where in 1794 they had a son, Alexander. In February 1814, the nineteen-year-old Count Alexander Stroganov died in battle near Paris. A grief-stricken father drove his body across Europe and betrayed the land with military honors in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Pavel Alexandrovich could not survive the death of his son. Consumption began to fade before our very eyes. In June 1817, he died and was buried next to his son.

A forty-two-year-old widow who also lost her only son, Sofya Vladimirovna, was very worried about her loss. However, she remained the owner of Stroganov's major (about forty-six thousand souls). She needed to manage huge estates, so she spent the rest of her life in the Stroganov Palace, in St. Petersburg, or outside the city, in Maryino. The Stroganoff Manor became her favorite child, whose arrangement she devoted a lot of time.

Twenty-seven years and eight months she managed her estates herself and brought them into perfect condition.

Construction of the palace

In 1811 the estate got its present name - Marino. It was given in honor of the founder of the estate - Maria Yakovlevna. Sophia Vladimirovna was not satisfied with an unremarkable estate, and she decided to build a new palace.

The author of the first project was the famous architect who built the Kazan Cathedral, Andrei Voronikhin. He planned to build a palace completely different from what we see today. Preserved his first draft, which shows that the estate was planned round, with through colonnades. The circle was supposed to be torn by a large pond.

This idea of the author was not destined to be realized due to the death of the architect. His work was continued by talented students - the serfs Stroganov Peter Sadovnikov and Ivan Kolodin, who built the palace in the form of a semicircle, opening to meet the English park and pond.

The architect Sadovnikov built the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity on the grounds of the estate. It was executed in the Neo-Gothic style using elements of Russian church architecture. It was operational until 1930.

Marino (Manor Stroganov) has a manor house - a two-story building. This is the central element of the complex. It is made in a strict classical style. Outwardly, the palace resembles the Great Pavlovsk Palace. There were five front entrances in the estate. Each of them was decorated with a sculpture of a lion.

Sophia Vladimirovna and yard space changed. Before the palace was broken lawn, planted a flower garden, created a decorative pond. In the middle of the round flowerbed was placed pedestal with a weather vane. Its four sides were decorated with clockwork. In addition, according to the project of PS Sadovnik, the complex was supplemented with park constructions - wooden and stone structures.

In the summer Marino (the Stroganovs' estate) opened the work of the Practical School of Mining and Forestry, Agriculture. Here there were a tile, adobe and brick works, a Swiss cheese factory.

Interior decoration

Many interesting places in the Leningrad Region still cause interest not only to tourists, but also to the researchers of n architecture of the XIX century. This fully applies to the estate Stroganov.

Sofya Vladimirovna dreamed of creating luxurious interiors in the palace, so the ceilings are painted with a grisal. All the inner chambers are decorated with sculptures, paintings that were brought from the patrimonial house, located in St. Petersburg, on Nevsky Prospekt, bronze ware. Gradually in the estate there were works of famous Spanish, Italian and Dutch masters.

In the huge library of the estate, which was of great value, family military trophies of the Stroganov family were kept.

A park

On the territory of the estate there was a unique garden and park ensemble. The architect A. A. Meneles worked on his creation. It was thanks to his efforts that a noble park, decorative ponds, lush gardens, elegant bridges appeared in Marino.

Secular life in the manor

Contemporaries noted that in Maryino (the Stroganovs' estate) it was always quite crowded and fun. Here, organized entertainment, theatrical performances, lavish balls. The Manor of Marino inspired the work of representatives of art. It was depicted on its canvases by the artists EI Esakov and AA Rubtsov.

When Sophia Vladimirovna was no more, Princess Adelaide Pavlovna Golitsyna became the owner of the estate. Then it passed to Pavel Pavlovich Golitsyn, who owned it until 1914. The last owner of the estate was Sergei Pavlovich Golitsyn.

Manor after 1917

After the revolution of 1917, the newest history of the estate began. Like most similar palace and park complexes, Marjino was nationalized. A museum was opened in the manor house. Part of the property (mostly rare books and art objects) was transferred to the Hermitage and the Russian Museum.

In 1927, the palace began to receive visitors a holiday home for scientists, and even later the building was transferred to a geological exploration institute, more precisely, its experimental station. The last reconstruction of the estate was held in 1959. After it, there was a boarding school, and later - a dispensary.

It would seem that the museum and historical history of this luxurious estate at this point should have ended. But a miracle happened.

Manor today

Since 2008, Marino (the estate of the Stroganovs) has become the property of GG Stepanova. The present owner of the estate is the owner of the museum complex "Petersburg Artist" in St. Petersburg. Thanks to her efforts and invested (considerable) funds, it was possible to restore the decayed palace and the overgrown park. Today, the estate is reborn, in the historic interiors guests can relax: Galina Stepanova, along with the museum expositions, organized a luxurious country hotel in Marino.

The magnificent park was restored by the watercolors preserved in the Russian Museum. In addition, the museum handed over to the manor a copy of two hundred and nine sheets of watercolor albums. Now some copies can be seen in the alleys, under the open sky.

Today the park has completed the main works on the landscape - planted over a thousand bushes and trees, in three clearings, drainage is made. Restored all the tracks in accordance with the plan in 1845. In addition, a unique cascade of ponds has been restored. Of the new facilities created by the patron of art, a fountain that soars to the sky at fourteen meters.

Restoration of interiors

Works in the manor continue today. In time, her interiors came to desolation. Among the best preserved rooms are the rooms where the mother of the hostess liked to rest - Natalia Golitsyna, the White Hall. After the restoration, they are newly decorated and decorated.

Most of the things and furniture from the estate today are stored in museums. The modern "landowner" orders beautiful copies of these interior items by modern cabinetmakers. For example, the renovation of the Gothic living room is over, where the talented craftsmen have created shelves, a chair and a shelf for the surviving drawings and drawings.

Plans and projects

The eastern wing of the manor, which was blown up during the war, but later restored, Galina Stepanova plans to give under the recreation area, which will house a library, a small spa area with a jacuzzi and a pool, a billiard room. And today the visitors of the estate can not only play billiards on tables covered with red cloth (as in the time of Stroganoffs), but also play ancient chess and maps.

Completely refurbished and cleared the basement. From its vaults were removed whitewash and blue paint, which remained from the Soviet times. Under them was found brickwork, whose age is more than two centuries. It was decided to leave it in its original form.

In the old days there were people's, kitchen, storerooms, wine cellars, glaciers for food storage, here people who served the family worked and lived. Today, here is a rare collection, which was collected by Galina Stepanovna, consisting of household items (old harness, irons, samovars, etc.). It is rumored that in one part of the basement ghosts guarding the Marja jam are inhabited.

Those who wish to inspect the restored interiors of several halls can join the excursion, which is organized in Tosno, or book and pay an individual excursion (by prior arrangement).

Completely free of charge you can walk around the estate. You will see a luxurious well-groomed park that surrounds the estate, admire the beautiful and clean pond, walk along the bridges thrown across the streams and the Tosno River. Here you can ride horses. The estate has its own stable.

Nowadays, the estate of the Stroganoff Counts is frequented by famous people from all over the world, both individual visitors and delegations from different countries. For example, the Chinese consul came to the solemn opening of a Chinese gazebo on the territory of the estate in 2013, and when celebrating the bicentennial of the estate (in 2011), the first persons representing the Tosnensky District, the Leningrad Region, and the foreign relatives of the former owners Homestead - Stroganovs. Galina Stepanovna is carrying out a very large-scale undertaking - to collect in the family estate all descendants of the Stroganovs and Golitsyns.

Marino (Manor Stroganoff): how to get there?

You can get to the mansion in two ways - by your own car or by using public transport. In the first case, you should go along the Moskovskoe highway to Ushaki village (about sixty kilometers from the Northern capital), follow the sign of this settlement and turn right at the sign "Andrianovo" and follow about another nine kilometers.

If you prefer to use public transport, then you need to go to the Moscow railway station, from which the train will take you to the city of Tosno. Then you need to change the bus to the village of Andrianovo, or take the bus number 610 from the metro station "Zvezdnaya" to the city of Tosno, and then by bus number 326 to the stop "School in Andrianovo".