Lushchilniki disk: characteristics and description

To obtain a large and high-quality crop, care must be taken to properly cultivate the fertile layer of the earth. In achieving this goal, considerable assistance will be provided by discs that are one of the most popular types of agricultural equipment.

Purpose

Shredding is the treatment of surface layers of the earth with a complete or partial overturning of its deep seams.

This process allows you to solve several problems at once:

1. Destruction of weed plants and nests of pests, insects.
2. Planting in the soil of plant residues, which enriches it.
3. Reducing the rate of evaporation of moisture from the surface due to the appearance of small layers of earth.

The use of lushifiers has found its place in many stages of growing cultivated plants. They carry out pre-tillage tillage, which greatly simplifies the cultivation process. They are also launched after the passage of disc and plowshares to break the largest lumps of soil cover.

Description of the equipment

In the agricultural market, there are two types of similar equipment - disc and plowshoots. The second species is practically no different from plows of the same category, except for the depth of penetration into the ground and the area covered during processing.

The disk equipment has a fundamentally different structure. In general, their design can be represented by two frames connected at a certain angle and supported by support wheels. On the edges of each system are installed carriages that support the cantilever beams of the unit.

The directly working body is a concave disc with well-sharpened edges. It is located at an angle of 20-35 degrees relative to the direction of movement of equipment (angle of attack). Several cutting elements are combined in one section - the battery, which is hung and rigidly fastened to the frame. One lushchilnik usually includes 4 or more batteries.

Principle of operation

Before the treatment, discs are adjusted and placed in the working position. As they move, the disks under the weight of the structure cut into the soil cover and lift it onto the inner concave surface. Moving along it, the soil crumbles into small clods, partially turns over, and then falls and is taken to the stann. Before proceeding with the treatment of the earth's surface, it is necessary to ensure that the geometry of the unit is in accordance with the operating conditions. For this, the mechanism is installed on a level platform and it is observed that all the discs touch the surface.

If there is a gap between some cutting edges and the earth's firmament, then check their radius. For large deviations from the nominal parameters (± 5 mm), the disc is changed. Otherwise, the frame structure is examined and matched.

Adjustment of disc lenses

How deep the discs will penetrate into the ground depends on the angle of attack. Therefore, the main adjustment is to adjust the optimal slope of the cutting elements in the direction of travel. To do this, change the length of the bars between the beams and the frame. The value of the angle of attack is set according to the type of soil being treated:

1. For solid dry soils it is about 35 degrees.
2. For a fertile layer of low density - 25-30.
3. For harrowing or breaking up the clods, the angle should be 15-25 degrees.

The depth of penetration into the ground can be regulated and the installation of ballast. Here everything is simple: the larger the mass of the unit, the deeper the cutting elements will penetrate into the soil. During processing it is necessary to follow and strictly horizontal arrangement of batteries.

Advantages of disc lenses

The stubby disk cultivator with its advantages owes its original design, which, unlike the lemesh aggregates:

1. It treats the earth's firmament of any humidity and under any weather conditions.
2. Saves fuel by reducing friction during driving.
3. Enables cutting elements to self-cleaning.
4. Significantly reduces the risk of damage to the discs - if there are obstacles, they simply roll over them.
5. Provides the same depth of penetration into the ground throughout the site.

Using disk equipment, it is possible to shorten the period of field work and the number of soil cover processing operations several times by combining several operations in one process.

But such advantages are achieved only with the use of traction machines of sufficient power. The standard thrust is 1.4 tons - it is enough to fully utilize the disc luster. MTZ technique (tractors) is most often used in the processing complex.

Lushchilnik disk LDG

One of the types of aggregates that are in demand in the agricultural sector of our country is the LDG 10, 10A and 15 discs, which have some differences in design and technical characteristics.

Their design does not differ in principle from the scheme presented above. The only exception is the presence of an overlapping disk battery, which is located in the alignment of the two frames and processes sections not covered by other sections. A special feature, which is endowed with a disk grater LDG 10, is high maneuverability, which makes it possible to cultivate hard-to-reach areas of the field. The advantages of the mechanism include mobility - the device is easily and quickly put into operation by hydraulic cylinders.

The device LDG 15 has a reinforced structure and a larger mass, which makes it possible to use it for work on a compacted soil massif with different composition, for breaking up the sodden soil layers, and for chopping the crop residues.

Harrows-lushchilniki "Dukat"

The mechanisms of Ukrainian production "Dukat" are also very popular. Because of the specific device they are often called harrow-lushchilniki, that everything is fully confirmed by their functionality. "Dukat" is used for processing fields with a large amount of plant residues. Passing along the earth's surface, it evenly distributes them in the soil, creating a nutritious base for cultivated plants. Most often, the disc grater "Dukat" is used for:

• Cultivation of soil before sowing of grain, technical and fodder crops;
• Destruction of weeds;
• Processing of fields "on a pair" for winter plants;
• Improvement of quality of meadows, pastures, places of grazing.

In connection with the more active introduction of herbicides to accelerate the growth of plants, lumber equipment has recently been used not to prepare fields, but to seal "pesticide-saturated" stubble residues in the soil cover. It is important that the depth is not less than 10-15 cm, on which the "Dukat" devices are designed.

Cost of disc lenses

The price of disk chippers depends on several factors. The first of these is the implemented construction. Some models are equipped with spring stands, supporting batteries, as well as other elements that significantly increase the service life of the units. Obviously, such mechanisms will cost more.

On average, the prices for disc mills for MTZ 80 start to increase from 389 thousand rubles. The maximum cost was observed in Ufa and Kazan. Here it was about 800 thousand rubles. But here the products are offered by a large manufacturer - Trade House MTZ.