How to tell a child about the war of 1941-1945?

How to tell a child about the war? What is it for? Parents often worry that terrible stories about the war can cause nightmares. And really, it is not necessary for the kids to explain all the details of the fighting. Information should be dosed, taking into account the age of the child. At the same time, the knowledge of historical events, the pride of the country, is the basis of patriotic education. Children should remember the heroism of their ancestors, their exploits.

Why should children talk about war?

Knowing the history of your country is the main stage in the development of the child's personality. To the boy the story of the fighting will help to form the image of a brave and courageous hero. Girls are more interested in women's roles during the war - caring for children, wounded soldiers.

Tales of military exploits help develop a sense of patriotism, pride for their country and people. At one time to tell the child about the Patriotic War is difficult. Therefore, it is best to divide the conversation into several parts.

How to tell a child about the war? It is necessary to take into account the age features when drawing up a conversation plan. The smallest one can read small poems about the war, tell about medals and awards. The older children will be interested in technology, weapons, feats of heroes.

For clarity, parents should take the child to a museum or to a monument of military glory. The visual perception will strengthen the understanding of the heroic deed of the country, help to understand the inadmissibility of military operations in the future.

Battlefield

How to tell the children about the Great Patriotic War? How not to scare the child with the horrors of battles? Talking about the Patriotic War, it should be explained that fascist Germany attacked the Soviet Union. The insidious intention of the enemy was to destroy as quickly as possible the sleeper, the unsuspecting people.

In an interview with a child, you must always indicate that the whole country has united against the invaders. There were battles not only in specially designated places - on military fields. Military operations arose wherever enemies appeared. In every town or village, residents defended their freedom, not wishing to obey the invaders.

So the partisans appeared. These are people who did not serve in the army, but led clandestine activities, defending their people. They hid in the woods, destroyed the enemy, disabled military equipment.

Soldiers who went to the front, fought as whole detachments, divisions. They were the most ordinary citizens who wanted to help their country.

How to correctly tell children about the war 1941-1945 Years? At what age should they start talking? By the age of 3 the child already understands who enemies and friends are. At this age it is not necessary to go into details. Suffice it to say that our country won this war. May 9, citizens celebrate their triumph. On Victory Day veterans wear medals, military songs sound, festive fireworks are arranged.

Why did the war begin?

How to tell the children about the Great Patriotic War? How can they explain why it began? Such questions worry parents, young educators in kindergarten. Before the Victory Day in pre-school institutions there are talks about the heroes of war, poems and songs are being learned.

It should be explained to the children that interstate conflicts can occur for various reasons. For example, the leaders of the countries quarreled, or the enemy wanted to capture a rich and prosperous region. The war with Nazi Germany had very different reasons.

The Fascist ruler decided to kill people based on their nationality. Only the Aryan race had the right to live and dominate the planet. All other nationalities (Russians, Poles, French, Armenians, Jews) were to be destroyed or completely subordinated to the fascist regime.

In this regard, it should be explained that people of different nationalities also lived in Germany. This country was the first to suffer from the Nazis. In order not to become slaves of the fascists, the Russian people decided to defeat the enemy.

How to tell a child about the war? How to explain its name? Fatherland - this is the native side, in which there is a house, a family. Soldiers fought for their country, children, wives, parents. Therefore, the Patriotic War and got such a name.

Military equipment and military professions

How to tell the children about the war? Where to begin? You can recall that every person has his own profession. There are doctors, workers, teachers, sellers. And there are military professions. People are specially trained in the basics of tactics and strategy. Even in peacetime, the development of military equipment - aircraft, weapons, tanks, missile installations.

During the war, people of military professions become commanders. These are generals, marshals, who on the map determine where the enemy will go, where it is better to catch and neutralize him.

Pilots, signalmen, doctors - during the war they were in the hottest spots. Tanks, ships, artillery, aircraft - all combat equipment was controlled by trained people. There were battles not only on the streets of cities, but also in the air, on the sea.

Women who were in the rear, worked in factories, fields, sewed military uniforms, and prepared weapons. Many of them went to the front with nurses. Dislocation and grief brought The Second World War. You can tell the children about how in the rear the guys worked with their mothers in the factories, how there was not enough food, how the enemies blew up the houses, how people hid in the bomb shelters.

Poems, stories, songs

Tell children about the war of 1941-1945 will help poems and stories written specifically for preschoolers. S. Alekseyev has miniatures about the blockade of Leningrad ("Shuba", "The First Column"). The story of A. Mityaev "Bag of Oatmeal" tells about the relationship of soldiers. V. Bogomolov has a sketch "Eternal Flame" about the defenders of Stalingrad.

The military themes were written by L. Kassil, A. Gaidar. You can include in the conversation verses A. Tvardovsky, V. Vysotsky. Songs of the war years ("Cranes", "Katyusha") after listening can be learned with senior preschoolers.

You can tell the children that in the intervals between the battles the soldiers rested, composed poems, communicated, remembered their relatives, wrote letters. The songs of the war years helped to stand up in an unequal struggle. This is the "Holy War", "In the dugout", "Dark Night", "Alyosha", "Dark-skinned", "Blue Handkerchief", "Eh, roads", "Road to Berlin".

Stories, songs, poems should be selected taking into account the age of children. After listening, you can arrange a conversation on the content of the miniature. To enhance the impression of the story will help photographs of the war years, famous reproductions.

Cities-heroes

During the conversation about the war, one must remember that there are hero cities. This honorary title is awarded to the village for courage and heroism displayed by its inhabitants. Such cities are on the territory of Ukraine, Belarus, Russia.

The Brest Fortress-Hero was the first to take the enemy's blow. Soldiers resisted to the last, trying to gain time. Almost all defenders of the fortress fell in unequal combat. For a whole month the struggle continued. All this time a red flag was developing over the fortress - a symbol of courage and unity of the people.

Hero City Odessa is a beautiful port on the Black Sea coast. Fascists gradually captured the streets. Trenches and barricades no longer helped - so great was the enemy's army. But the inhabitants of Odessa did not give up: they left the city and hid in the catacombs. This is the name of a huge space under the earth. Tunnels with a length of several tens of kilometers covered the local population from the fascists. And then the subversive war began. Odessites, at night getting out of the catacombs, set fire to houses with fascists, disrupted trains.

The city-hero Leningrad was in the enemy ring. The troops of the fascists surrounded the northern capital - they did not let people out and did not allow food carts to enter its territory. The blockade of Leningrad lasted almost 2 years. People were starving, heating was not working. But the residents passed this test. They did not surrender to the enemy. They were not frightened by winter cold, hunger, exhausting work, illness. Their courage still serves as an example to their descendants.

Awards

How to tell the children about the Great War? You can try to motivate the child to think independently. For example, ask such a question: "What do medals and orders receive during the war?" Children in the senior preschool age can already tell themselves that for courage, heroism, courage, soldiers received awards.

Fighters and commanders during the Patriotic War were awarded with medals (For Courage, For Combat Services), orders (Red Banner, Red Star).

For the defense of hero cities issued special awards "For the Defense of Moscow", "For the Defense of Sevastopol", "For the Defense of Leningrad".

Order of Kutuzov, Nevsky, Suvorov received commanders for success in the management of detachments, divisions. The Order of the Patriotic War was awarded to ordinary soldiers, partisans, commanders of the Red Army and the Navy.

Children-heroes

Preschoolers are more aware of the image of the same children as they are. How to tell a child about the war? Talking about the hero children, who, not being afraid of reprisal, helped the country win.

Vitya Khomenko learned German perfectly well at school. He settled himself in the dining room to the fascists, where he washed dishes, served the officers, listened to the conversations. Often the Nazis, not knowing that the boy understands their language, shuffled military secrets. Vitya Khomenko reported to the partisan detachment. And also delivered weapons, explosives to underground workers. He was executed along with other partisans.

Lara Mikheenko was far from home. For the summer holidays she went to the village to relatives, where she was found by the war. The settlement was captured by the fascists. Lara decided to help the partisan detachment. Dressed in rags, the little girl walked around, begging for food. But in fact, Lara vigilantly looked for where the guns and staffs of enemies are. She participated in military operations, blew up trains. No one would have guessed that a girl could be a partisan. She was shot, after the traitor had betrayed Lara to the Nazis.

Museum of Military Glory

Before the Victory Day, children of kindergartens, schools come to monuments or the Eternal Fire. They lay flowers to the graves of the dead heroes, promising to keep a memory of their exploits.

An excursion to the museum of military glory will help children see the uniform of soldiers, awards, grenades, helmets, flasks, raincoats and tents. There are also photographs of the war years, letters of fighters, their biographies are kept.

The story of the war in kindergarten

In kindergarten there is a wide range of opportunities to tell children about the war. These are conversations, and learning songs, dances, and reading poems, and participating in military relay games, and the opportunity to try on tunics and caps.

How to tell a child 4 years about the war? Do not at this age say the words "kill", "wound", "blow up". Suffice it to say that the enemies have seized the country. But the heroes defended the city, defended their families and won.

Before you tell the child 5 years about the war, You can read a story or a poem, show a reproduction, a photo from the battlefields. It is necessary to bring to the child's consciousness that war is bad. This is a ruined city, a lack of food and a quiet life. It should also introduce the child to military equipment (guns, tanks).

In the older preschool age, you can already focus on the fact that adults and children have not spared their lives. They were risking themselves under bullets, trying to bring the country a victory.

Parents of the war

In the kindergarten (closer to the Victory Day) the teachers explain to the parents how to tell the child about the war. Almost every family has its own stories about grandfathers and grandmothers who participated in hostilities or worked in the rear. You can show family photos, the Order of Veterans.

The main thing in such a conversation is sincerity. It should also be explained to the child that wars have always happened. Even with the example of fairy-tale characters you can tell about the essence of the fighting.

You can go with the child to the Eternal Fire or the museum, lay flowers in memory of the dead heroes, watch the Victory Parade on TV, express the rejection of war in the work.

Creativity of children

On the eve of May 9 in kindergartens, schools pupils and students are preparing crafts, paint pictures on military topics. At home, you can continue to work together: make a hand-made article and give it to her grandfather and grandmother. It could be a tank, an airplane, a ship. Or you can draw a picture and hang it in the apartment.

Do not scare the child that the war can begin any day. It is better to give him a sense of stability. Explain that victory has given us the opportunity to live in peace, to study and work, to walk quietly and not to be afraid of enemies. For this it is necessary to thank the veterans.

When a child asks about the war, he is more willing to hear that he is loved and will not be offended. Parents should help the baby cope with anxiety, anxiety.

Tips for parents: how to tell children about the war

1. Talk about war follows a simple, concise language. The younger the child, the more understandable and accessible the information should be.
2. Do not try to tell everything at once. It is better to divide the conversation into several parts. About weapons to talk in the museum, about heroism - at the monument, about gratitude - creating a gift to the veteran.
3. Older children should be as true as possible to convey information about some of the nuances of the war. The parent should be prepared for unpleasant questions. If there is no desire to respond immediately, warn the child that he will find out everything, but later.