How to take the DNA analysis?

Most often, genetic tests are conducted to establish the fact of paternity. However, there are other situations when one can not do without these analyzes. How to donate DNA and what these tests are needed for, let's talk about this article.

In which cases do you need to undergo a genetic test?

• Establishment of paternity. This is the most common reason for passing an expensive analysis. This is important not only for men, who are committed to raising another's child, but also to women who had careless intimacy with different partners in a short time.
• Hereditary diseases. If there are serious health problems in the family, future parents want to warn their child of illnesses, revealing the percentage of predisposition. Methods of DNA analysis are selected by a specialist individually.
• Establishing kinship. Orphans want to find their parents, and genetic tests can provide a list of alleged relatives around the world.
• Definition of ethnos. With the help of DNA analysis you can find out whether you belong to a particular people.
• The desire to find famous ancestors. In our time it has become fashionable to seek out rich and famous relatives among Russian tsars and foreign emperors.

In any case, the database is most widely represented by Jews, Swedes, Irish, Germans and less by Slavic peoples.

How to donate DNA? Types of samples

Detectives show that to determine paternity in medical clinics for DNA analysis, you need saliva, hair and nails of the alleged father and child. In real life, a genetic test can be carried out in medical institutions and at home. For analysis, blood from the vein, sperm, saliva, skin cells (burrs) or hair roots is suitable. Some specialists use muscle tissue, toothbrushes, cigarette butts, gum, hair on the comb, razor, sperm and blood on clothes in these studies.

Blood from the finger or from the vein surrenders to an empty stomach. Collection of saliva in the test tube occurs also before cleaning the teeth. If you want to make a DNA test secret from any person, then take the above samples in medical gloves or with a clean pair of tweezers, a sheet of paper.

From one person you need several samples with DNA to get the exact result. You need to send them in a paper envelope. Please note that in the wet form, toothbrushes, chewing gums, razors and other items can not be placed in the envelope. Wait until they dry.

Saliva collection at home. Modern technologies

How to do DNA analysis at home? Find a medical institution and order delivery of special test tubes. Then you collect the necessary material in separate containers and send them by mail, courier or by self-transport to the clinic. Saliva can be collected as follows:

• In medical gloves, take a clean sheet of paper and fold it four times;
• Unfold the paper and take the cotton swab;
• Swipe on the mucous surface of the tongue and cheeks;
• Then swipe it over the folds of the sheet;
• Put a stick in the folds and fold the paper;
• On the sheet, do not forget to write the name on top.

Please note that hands, without gloves and improvised materials, do not take samples and do not put them in plastic packages, only in prepared test tubes or paper envelopes.

To determine the various urological, gynecological infections and viruses, it is better to use a PCR detector that will quickly and accurately determine the results.

Can I pass a genetic test to pregnant women?

How to give DNA analysis to pregnant women? Previously, they made a puncture of the fetal bladder in order to draw a material, but then a threat to the life of the child appeared. Now the definition of paternity is possible from the 9th week of pregnancy without risk to the health of the fetus and the mother. This procedure is called prenatal non-invasive DNA analysis for paternity.

For this test, the woman and the prospective father are taken blood from the vein (the mother - 20 ml, the male - 10 ml). If several men are to be tested for paternity, the blood of all participants is surrendered simultaneously.

It is established that the composition of the placenta is similar to the DNA of the child. Therefore, when the placenta cells die and enter the mother's blood, then through complex bioinformatic algorithms, the fetal DNA is allocated and a relationship with the father is established.

If it is necessary to identify the presence of any disease, then a few drops of blood from the finger are enough. A DNA test can detect more than 25 serious diseases (heart disease and immunity, cancer, obesity, diabetes, migraine, etc.).

Types of genetic tests and their cost

A DNA test is an expensive procedure. The more people are involved in the genetic test, the more expensive the tests will cost you. If you want to do a test without people, how do you donate DNA in this case? Find out in the centers whether they are doing genetic analysis on subjects (comb with hair, handkerchief with mucus, toothbrushes, etc.), remember that not all clinics provide a full range of services.

There are the following types of tests:

• The establishment of paternity will cost an average of 8-15 thousand rubles.
• The establishment of kinship between both parents and the child (children) is around 9-11 thousand rubles.
• Sibling DNA test reveals the presence of brothers and sisters. This procedure will cost an average of 13-24 thousand rubles. If it is necessary to establish the presence of kinship between the alleged relatives, then such a test can cost 16-27 thousand rubles.
• The avankularyn test reveals the relationship of uncles and aunts and will cost 13-17 thousand rubles.
• Establishment of kinship of grandparents will cost 13-19 thousand rubles.
• DNA testing of identical and double-sided twins will cost 9-18 thousand rubles.
• The mitochondrial test for the maternal line will cost 23-36 thousand rubles.

Where to do DNA analysis?

You can conduct the test in any clinic that deals with genetic research.

Please note that not all DNA tests are performed in Russia, many laboratories use the services of foreign clinics. Because their cost can be very expensive, but reliable. The fact is that if you order the tests yourself abroad, many letters are returned to the client back in connection with the postal policy.

The DNA analysis time can be from 4 to 10 days. Urgent order is an order of magnitude higher. When choosing a foreign center, look carefully, because DNA tests are done not only by people, but also by animals.