How does the refrigerator work and why does it sometimes go bad

According to the principle of operation, refrigerators are compression, absorption, thermoelectric and with vortex cooling.

Compression refrigerators are most common in everyday life and can be single-, double- or triple-chambered.

How does the refrigerator work with the compressor? The main components of such refrigerators are a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, a thermostatic valve and a refrigerant. The evaporator, which takes away the heat of the internal volume of the refrigerator, is in the upper part of it, above the freezer. From the evaporator, the refrigerant (freon), which is in the gaseous state, transfers the heat to the condenser with the help of the compressor. He gives it to the environment. The coolant in the transfer process is cooled and from the gaseous becomes liquid. In this form, he enters the capillary, and from there to the evaporator, where he again takes heat from the inside of the refrigerator, becoming gaseous. The cycle is repeated.

How does a refrigerator with one camera work? The evaporator in such units is placed in its upper part. Chilled air as the heavier falls down, and the warm air rises, to the evaporator. This is the way of circulation and the necessary temperature regime is maintained. When the temperature inside the refrigerator reaches the set temperature, the compressor turns off. To ensure that very cold air does not spoil food that does not require freezing, a special drip tray is installed under the freezer. They can be opened and closed, thereby regulating the temperature in the freezer.

How does the refrigerator, which has both a refrigerator and a freezer chamber, the so-called two-door refrigerator? Its big plus is that both cameras have their own evaporator. Two doors provide the maintenance of the desired temperature in each chamber. Compressors in such units can be one or two. If there are two, each works autonomously, as well as in single-chamber refrigerators. If the compressor is one, the temperature in the refrigerating compartment is regulated by means of special electromagnetic valves that open and close according to the thermostat in the refrigerating chamber. The compressor in such units is turned on and off according to the thermostat in the freezer.

Recently, two-door refrigerators are produced with the NO FROST system. In them not only the compressor, but also the evaporator is only one. It is located either in the freezer or on its rear wall behind the panel. Behind him put a fan that pushes warm air. In the evaporator, the air is cooled and, through a special system, is ejected into the products. Most of it falls into the freezer, and the smaller part into the refrigerator.

How does the refrigerator work with three cameras? The third chamber is intended for storage of fruits, vegetables and other perishable products at a temperature close to zero. That's why the third camera is called the zero camera. It can be autonomous, have its own compressor and evaporator. It can also be built-in a two-compartment refrigerator and have an airtight protection against the loss of cold air. It is placed near the freezer, from which the cooled air enters. The temperature in such hermetic chambers is not regulated.

With any refrigerator during operation, various breakages can occur. For example, the refrigerator works, but does not freeze. The refrigerator works - it means that you hear a sound from the compressor, and when the refrigerator door is opened, the light comes on. If the refrigerator with two compressors, it happens, only one camera does not freeze, and it happens that both at once. There can be several reasons for this.

1. Capillary blockage. It happens due to the fact that the filter drier starts to pass various impurities, and also in the event that the electric motor burns out. Determine this fault can be due to strong heating of the compressor casing. Eliminates blockage by rinsing and blowing the capillary tube with compressed nitrogen under high pressure or shortening the capillary. If this does not help, the capillary and filter drier are replaced with new ones.

2. The compressor motor does not generate pressure in the refrigerant system. The motor starts to jam because of frequent voltage fluctuations in the network, moisture entering the electronic unit of the device or due to violation of the operating rules, that is, untimely shutdown of the systems "super-cold", "forced freezing", if the refrigerator provides for their mechanical shutdown. You can determine the breakdown by uncharacteristic clicks, rumble, and professionally - by measuring the voltage and current. Elimination of breakage is the replacement of the compressor.

3. Refrigerant leaks. Occurs because of the corrosion of the tube material through which the refrigerant circulates, the microcracks that have appeared in it, and also because of microcracks in the soldering. This happens with manufacturing defects, careless handling (for example, when washing the refrigerator or sloppy transportation), with a long service life. The breakdown can be determined from the condenser temperature. If there is a leak, it does not heat up. Troubleshooting consists of sealing the cracks and refueling with a new refrigerant.

4. The thermostat broke. You can determine the breakdown by unscrewing the terminal on the thermoregulator and closing the wiring. If after that the refrigerator starts to freeze, then the cause is correctly determined. The broken thermoregulator needs to be replaced with a new one. Sometimes the thermostat does not function simply because it is not adjusted.

5. In refrigerators NO FROST do not work defrosters, and the fan in the ice. The first thing you need to do is to defrost the refrigerator. After that check the heater. Do it only a professional. Defective heating elements are not repaired, but replaced with new ones.