History of China In Xvii G.

In the twenties of the XVII century. The peasant movement began to expand in the country. In 1628 the detachments of the rebels in Shaanxi and Gansu consolidated. In 1635, the leaders of many separate insurgent groups assembled in Henan and elected Gao Insan as the head of the movement. But then the insurgents suffered a number of defeats, and from 1639 on the leading role in the movement go Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong. It is expanding, turning into a grandiose peasant war. In early 1644, the rebel army took Xi'an, and then the capital of the empire - Beijing. The last emperor, Ming, committed suicide, the dynasty fell.

The winners announced the emperor Li Ziicheng. The ruling elite of the former regime was removed from power, many of its representatives were executed. The rebels again began to form the state apparatus according to old, traditional patterns. But this process was not completed: the forces opposing the insurrection called for help to the north-eastern frontier army of Sangguy, who had concluded an alliance with the Manchus, with whom the war had been going on, to suppress the rebels. Under their pressure, Li Zi-cheng was forced to leave Beijing and was soon defeated and killed. History of China in the XVII century ....

In the middle of 1644, Beijing occupied Manchu troops under the command of Dorgun. The union of the Manchu tribes was consolidated in the 80s of the 16th century. Under the rule of Nurkhatsi in the southeastern part of modern Manchuria. In 1616 Nurkhatsi was proclaimed khan, and the state was named Jin (Late Jin). The Manchus expanded their holdings at the expense of neighboring tribes, and also started hiking in China and Korea.

By the 30th years of the XVII century. They pushed back the Chinese army to the mountain pass - the fortress of Shanhaiguan. In 1636, in Mukden, which had become even earlier the capital of the Manchu state, the son and heir of Nurkhatsi - Abakhai was proclaimed emperor, and the empire was called Qing. After the capture of Beijing nephew Dorgun was declared a Chinese emperor under the motto of Shun-chih. The authority of Qing was proclaimed to the whole of China.

However, in 1644, only the northern regions of China were in the hands of the Manchus. A long struggle began for the conquest of the whole country, which lasted until the eighties of the seventeenth century. Among the ruling classes there was a split: some of them, like. For example, Wu Sangui, Hung Chenchou, Fan Wencheng and others, went to cooperate with the Manchus, helping them gain a foothold in China, the other part tried to organize resistance, such as Shi Kaf, Li Dingo and many others. However, there was no unity and coherence in the Antnmanzhu camp.

History of China in the XVII.