Harmony of colors. The color harmony palette

The contemplation of the colors of the surrounding world by the human eye begins from the moment of its birth and carries a significant semantic load. Over 80% of information the brain receives through visual perception, and it is from them that the idea of space and reality as a whole is formed.

The beginning has begun: for what the harmony of color shades is necessary?

The nature of the planet Earth is full of extraordinary places, the variety of colors and bright shades of which amaze the imagination. The saturation and depth of the hidden corners of the globe has always excited the souls of designers, artists and just connoisseurs of beauty. That is why the harmony of colors in nature has become the basis in selecting a palette and a source of emotional inspiration for creative people.

The task of the designer is to take as the basis of consonance and easy beauty of nature, to create something equally beautiful, but already possessing a note of individuality. In order to accomplish this task with brilliance, it is necessary to realize the principle of interaction of colors and shades, the features of visual perception, the impact on certain human subconsciousness of certain combinations. For this purpose, a palette of harmony of colors was created.

General classification of flowers in the world

The first taxonomy was made by Isaac Newton, who divided a light ray into seven colors by means of a prism. Now these shades are considered to be a rainbow - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, violet. Newton combined colors in a schematic circle, trying to make the first palette.

The harmony of colors existing in the present classifies shades by two signs:

1. Achromatic - white and black, as well as all varieties of gray, gradually gaining saturation on the way from white to black.

2. Chromatic - all other colors (colors of the spectrum) and their shades, juicy and saturated.

Separation of colors in scale

The chromatic group of the spectrum is usually subdivided in more detail:

• Primary (red, yellow, blue). They are basic in creating further colors and their variations.
• Secondary, or composite (orange, green, purple). Remove by mixing primary colors.
• Mixed. They include all other colors created in the process of combining various shades.

In the latter variety, a separate item is highlighted with neutral colors - black, white and gray.

Groups of harmonic combinations

The harmony of colors is expressed by four varieties of combinations, isolated on the basis of a combination of a palette of primary and secondary shades:

1. A monochromatic group, expressed in a set of shades of the same color. To create a palette in this case, at least 2 colors are needed, all the rest is their variation, expressed by strengthening or weakening the contrast. Harmony of two colors in a schematic representation is presented in the form of a monochrome scale.
2. Harmony of related colors, taking into account the shades located in one quarter of the circle of the palette. The contrast will be minimal: red-yellow, blue-red, blue-green, yellow-green and other types of combinations.
3. Harmony of contrasting colors, implying a combination of shades in opposite quarters of the palette. In compositions, such combinations are contrasting and easily attract attention, can be perceived as emotional and dynamic. To enhance the accent, colors are used, as far apart as possible from each other. It will be a harmony of complementary colors.
4. Relatively contrasting harmony, which includes colors from adjacent quarters of the circle. These sometimes completely different shades can be combined by the third, which brings them together. For example, if you make red-green and yellow-green and yellow-green, they will echo with a shade of yellow. So there is a harmony of three colors.

Effects of flowers on humans

On the human body, shades have not only aesthetic, but also a pronounced psychological and physiological effect. Consider the main colors affecting the human body:

• Red. It is an exciting tone, raises vitality, strengthens the heartbeat, stimulates the brain and liver. With all this, it negatively affects the nervous system and is limited in case of allergy and aggression.
• Orange. Gives a charge of activity and optimism, positively affects the nervous system and gastrointestinal tract, increases appetite.
• Yellow. Strengthens the nerves, is favorable for depression, it perfectly influences intellectual abilities and memory, helps to cleanse the intestines and liver.
• Green. Favorable to the eyes and heart, has a general soothing effect on the body and psyche, lowers blood pressure.
• Blue and blue. They are calming and calming colors, positively affecting the nervous system, eliminating the feeling of impotence and pain in the body.
• Purple. Has a positive effect on the internal organs, helps with insomnia and migraines.

Spring and summer colors in the "concept of the seasons"

Classification according to the "concept of the seasons" was inspired by harmonious shades of nature itself. After all, where, as not here, there are the most unexpected combinations, directly related to seasonal changes. They separate the spring, summer, autumn and winter groups. In each palette, there is one predominant color, actively dominating others in brightness or volume.

• The spring palette. It is clear without words that spring is the time when nature blossoms and revives after winter inaction. This process is accompanied by bright and warm hues, present in the opening of fresh leaves and first greenery, in the clear sky and the active sun. The palette is a scale in which all variations of the following colors are present: apricot, yellow, blue, green, lilac, terracotta, walnut and pale gold.
• Summer palette. The view that the summer is accompanied only by bright colors, is mistaken. This is due to the fact that all bright shades of the human eye perceives through the rays of light, which give the summer colors a smoky-grayish shade. The main color in this season is blue. Also in the list there are such shades: light yellow, mouse-blue, beige, lilac, chocolate, green, reddish, silvery-gray.

Autumn and winter shades in the seasonal theory

• Autumn in the palette. Perhaps, this time of year can be called the richest for a variety of shades. The harmony of colors is reflected in a rich harvest of mushrooms, berries and fruits, as well as color-changing foliage. Primary color - red, accompanying - reddish brown, corn, orange, peach, blue, coniferous, olive, coffee, plum.
• Winter. Memories of this time draw us monochrome landscapes, quiet and hidden under the snow cover of nature. And on this almost white canvas are actively allocated bloody rowan berries, pine needles and a frosty sky. The colors of the season, although cold, but distinct and clean, without any additions. The dominant color in the palette is blue, there are also snow-white, turquoise, blood red, black, dark blue, intense brown, beige, blue.

Summing up

Despite the fact that the beauty of natural shades seems complete and does not need to be improved, it is not necessary to transfer it thoroughly to an object artificially designed by a person - be it an interior design or the creation of an art piece. The impudent copying and transferring of pure natural tones to artificially created by human hands the world looks ridiculous, and the harmonious ratio of natural shades is violated.

To avoid this, it is necessary to learn how to harmoniously mix natural and artificially formed shades in the palette. It is important to have a natural taste and ability to correctly select colors to each other to create an ideal interior, a picture or an external image. In this and help the creative person all the above schemes and notes.