Generator "Gazelle" and its malfunction. Installation of the generator on the "Gazelle". How to replace the generator with Gazelle?

The electrical equipment of this car is made on a single-wire circuit: the minus terminals of devices and equipment are connected to the "body" - the body and other mechanisms of the car, which play the role of the second drive. The onboard network "Gazelle" is equal to the rated voltage of 12V DC. To turn on the electrical circuit is the ignition switch, which consists of a contact drive and an anti-theft lock. At a time when the engine is not running, all electrical consumers take power from the battery, and when the engine is running, power is supplied from the alternator. While the element is running, the battery is charging, and the on-board circuit is powered via two fuses.

The lighting circuit is equipped with a fuse of 40 A, and a chain of additional equipment and mechanisms - a fuse of 60 A. They are located in the fuse box, which is installed in the engine compartment. Also, the circuits of all consumers are protected by additional fuses with less current tripping. They are placed under the dashboard from the driver's side.

A type

The "Gazelle" generator is a synchronous three-phase machine with electromagnetic excitation and is designed to convert the rotational motion into electrical energy. The car is equipped with models 2502.3771 or 9422.3701, the power of which is about 1000 W. Installation of the generator on the "Gazelle" with their own hands is carried out with the help of a mounting bracket on the right side of the power unit. Its drive is carried out by a wedge-shaped belt from a ratchet of a cranked shaft. It works in tandem with the built-in voltage regulator Я212А11Е, which keeps the output voltage in the set operating mode.

Possible malfunctions

If the "Gazelle" generator malfunctions, the operation of all electronic devices is disrupted, and the rechargeable battery is not recharged. On the failure of this part of the driver informs a special pointer on the dashboard. With such a malfunction, starting the engine and driving the car are still possible, but until the battery is fully discharged. It is not possible to move normally on such a car.

The main faults of the generator include the following: the integrity of the wires in the charging circuit, the failure of the bearings, the damage to the diode bridge, the closure of the stator winding, the failure of the voltage regulator, the wear of the current collector rings, excessive wear of the brushes.

Generator "Gazelle", like any car mechanism, can have both mechanical damage and electrical. Therefore, the way to eliminate the breakdown, and the types of operations have a different character.

Mechanical damage can include wear and damage to rolling bearings, springs, damage to the housing, pulley and drive belt.

Faults, which are called electric, can be classified as a stator winding breakage, cracks and wear of brushes, breakage of the relay-regulator, melting of the insulation coating of turns, interturn closures.

For any of these types of breakdowns, the car's generator does not fully perform its functions or completely fails, which affects the operation of all electronic devices and the engine as a whole.

Causes of malfunctions

Conventional corrosion, wear and moisture can cause a variety of malfunctions. Mechanical breakdowns often occur due to prolonged use of the vehicle and fatigue of the material, use of poor quality materials in the manufacture of the generator, failure to comply with the operating conditions of the product and disruption of the normal operating conditions, influenced by external factors such as dust, moisture, high temperature and salt.

How to remove the generator on the "Gazelle"?

Now consider the issue of dismantling. Carrying out repairs on the Gazel car, the removal of the generator must be carried out in accordance with all technological instructions and observe the safety rules during work. In the event that the engine of the car is hot, it is necessary to allow it to cool down, in order to avoid the possibility of getting a burn.

If there is a malfunction of the generator, it is removed from the engine of the car and diagnostic and repair operations are performed. To do this, you can contact the service workshops or repair yourself. Many motorists, who first encounter this problem, are wondering how to change the generator to "Gazelle". The operation to remove and install this part does not apply to complex technological and repair processes, and it can be carried out at home. This will require a standard set of tools.

The removal process

Before replacing the generator with a "Gazelle", it is important to remove the negative terminal of the battery, thereby de-energizing the vehicle's network, and also to disconnect the electrical wires from the part. Then, it is necessary to loosen the belt tension by means of a special mechanism and remove it. Then, having unscrewed the two mounting bolts of the generator from the crankcase of the engine, we take the generator out of the engine compartment.

If the brushes fail, it will not be difficult to replace them.

It is only necessary to unscrew the two screws securing the brushes and remove them from the housing. But for more serious malfunctions, the element must be disassembled and a detailed fault analysis.

Interchangeability

In the event that the car can not be repaired for a long time, the original branded generator is not available, and the defective one needs a detailed repair, it can be replaced, thus setting up a VAZ generator for the Gazelle. It is able to provide the car with the necessary amount of electricity, since it has similar performance indicators.

Disassembly

This section describes a step-by-step process that will help correctly disassemble the Gazelle generator.

So, first you need to remove the plastic protective cover from the case. Then unscrew the brush unit and the voltage regulator, having previously unplugged the wiring. Next, unscrew the four tie rods of the generator housing and remove the housing cover together with the stator. Then, disconnecting the winding terminals from the diode bridge, you need to remove the stator, and if necessary, the diode bridge itself.

Next, remove the drive pulley and the cover with the rotor bearing from the shaft.

To carry out the process of diagnostics of the generator parts it is possible with the help of measuring instruments: E236 or a special indicator lamp.

Checking the condition of parts

Regardless of which generator is installed on the Gazelle, the causes of the malfunction, as a rule, can be the same.

Brushes of the generator should not have chips and cracks, when you press them with your finger, they should be immersed in the channels of the brush holder unhindered, and under the influence of the spring return to the starting position.

The length of the brushes should not be less than 4 mm, and in the presence of heavy wear they are replaced with new ones.

The stator is checked for the presence of shorting of the coil windings on the body.

This is done by connecting one test lamp terminal to the housing, and the second one is alternately connected to one of the three terminals of the turns. In this case, if there is a presence of the fact of a short to the case, the control lamp will light up. Having found out such kind of a malfunction, it eliminate or completely replace the stator.

To check the stator for the presence of a short circuit between the turns, the test lamp is alternately connected to the two winding leads. In this case, if the light comes on, there is no breakage.

The rectifier block of the generator should be cleaned of dust and dirt deposits. Next, check the diodes using a test lamp. Due to the fact that diodes of different polarities are located in each section, they are checked for different polarities of the battery connection. In the event that a faulty diode is detected , the rectifier unit is replaced.

Checking the generator after repair

Having carried out a detailed inspection and replacement of defective elements, the generator is assembled. The assembly takes place in the reverse order. After the "Gazelle" generator is assembled, it is important to carry out diagnostics. The correct state and correctness of its assembly can be determined by checking the rotational speed, during which the generator gives a current equal to 40 A and 70 A. Diagnostics are carried out on a special stand. The electric motor of the test bench smoothly changes the rotor speed. In this case, measurements of the generator's parameters are made, and the degree of its serviceability is determined.

Install dynamo on the engine

Mounting on the engine is carried out with observance of a certain technological process.

First, unscrew the fixing nuts of the generator brackets to the crankcase. Next, install the dynamo and fix the front mounting bolt. Then we move the front bracket and obtain the alignment of the ratchet with the flywheel of the component and the drive of the pump. Moving the bracket, we are trying to eliminate the gap between the generator loop. Establish a back bolt of fastening and we firmly twist fixing nuts of arms to a crankcase of the engine. Further we put on a belt of a drive on pulleys and we tighten it with the help натяжительной скобы. We perform a check test tightening of all threaded connections. We connect the part to the electrical network of the car and put the terminals on the battery.

Therefore, it is not difficult to solve such a problem, and besides, the process takes a small amount of time. You can significantly save on the services of an auto mechanic.

Checking the generator by car

Having installed the part into place, it is necessary to start the engine of the car. Next, you need to include the maximum number of electrical appliances that are available in your transport facility (interior heater fan, wipers, car radio, interior lighting) and turn on the headlights. In this case, even at idle the engine voltage in the on-board network should be 13.8 V. With this indicator, the operation of the car will not cause any problems.

So, we found out how to change the generator to "Gazelle".