Electromagnetic lock: installation and adjustment

By equipping one's home, each owner achieves not only beauty, but also reliability. In the first place we are talking about locks. They are quite a large number, different in price, features and characteristics. A separate place among them is occupied by an electromagnetic lock.

Device

The construction of this element is simple. The core is in the winding. It is located in a special housing. The core is made of sheets of electrical steel. The use of this material is due to the low magnetized effect. And to reduce the residual stress, it is enough to apply a special paint and varnish composition. Most often, the design is a small plate, which is welded and form the letter "Sh". The winding is a coil with numerous coils of a copper wire covered with enamel. The housing is steel or aluminum. Use plastic is allowed, but this reduces the durability of the structure and its reliability.

Principle of operation

The mechanism begins to function when the magnetic elements are activated. This occurs during the energizing of the housing and the winding through the core. Only 5 watts of voltage is enough to mate doors with a weight of up to 150 kg. Turning the lock on and off forms an oscillating circuit with an alternating current acting on it. Charging is by means of a capacitor through the winding, resulting in a change in the magnetic polarity. The residual current goes to the magnetization reversal. It happens that the capacitor is out of order. Then the door opens with considerable effort. It can only be rectified by replacing the part, and it must be installed parallel to the terminals.

Kinds

There are electromagnetic locks according to the type of the locking device:

• Holders.
• Shifting.

In the shifting device, the magnet is fixed with the tongue of the lock, so these structures are to be inserted in the door or the gate.

In the retention variant, the magnet holds the flaps that open. It is allowed to install several such elements along the whole perimeter of the opening.

Mounting Tools

The installation of an electromagnetic lock is not an easy task, so it can be done on its own. To do this, you need the following tools:

• Pencil to apply the necessary labels for installation.
• Drill. If you are installing a mortise structure, then under it you need to drill holes for the fixing bolts.
• Screwdriver or screwdriver.
• Hammer and chisel.
• Building level and roulette.

Start of installation

The installation of the electromagnetic lock on the door begins with a marking at the installation site. It can be both horizontal and vertical. The main thing is to observe the indentation condition from the door hinges. Determine the space for the response plate by applying the main device to the canvas. Next is her stencil. Then the fittings are marked. After this, drill the holes, first checking the diameter of the drill. The plate is fixed with washers. Two screws are screwed onto the screws: on the side where the door frame is first steel, and after rubber. This will allow the structure to freely swing, while ensuring a good fit of the core.

Determine the location of the corner of the plate can be applied by the main part of the lock. Next, the plate is moved to the desired side with a hexagon. The fixing bolt is loosened to check whether the door electromagnetic lock is correctly installed. A prerequisite for the correct functioning of the locking element is the parallel installation of the plate to the base.

Types of installation

The installation of an electromagnetic lock with your own hands depends on the type of door:

• Mounting is done from above the inside of the doorpost, and the core is centered. The second element is placed on the opposite side. Additional type of fasteners are not needed.
• In the glass door, the installation is performed by making an internal contact arrangement, and instead of a steel plate, a corner is used. The door opens into the room.
• Electromagnetic lock, which is installed on a door with a narrow doorpost, is additionally supplied with corners. They help extend the mounting area.
• When it is necessary for the door to open in the direction of the lock, its pad and plate are fixed in a vertical position with the help of corners.

Further installation

Once the marking lines of the future lock are outlined, drill holes. Next, you need to make a niche in the installation site. This is done with milk and chisels. Installation of the electromagnetic lock on the metal door is carried out even at the stage of manufacturing the door itself. But if this happens in the course of its operation, then part of the skin is removed to make the niche.

In the niche, install the lock case, and then fix it. The response bar is established by the same principle.

Optional equipment

Electromagnetic lock, the installation of the main elements of which is completed, requires the installation of additional equipment. They can be a controller, an input button or a power supply. These elements are installed indoors, but the reader is mounted from the outside. Additional devices are attached to the wall adjacent to the door, but not to its canvas.

To self-mount these items you need:

• Make marking in the selected place;
• Make holes for fastenings;
• To install and fix instruments.

Connectivity

To connect an electromagnetic lock, the installation of which was made independently, is also not difficult. To do this, you need a diagram that is attached to the lock kit, and minimal skills for working with electricity. The main element in the work of the lock is the controller. All other components are connected to it. The connection must be made with two-wire insulated wires with a cross-section of at least 0.5 mm. That the wires do not spoil the interior, they can be hidden in a wall or in a special box.

Video Doorphone Connection

The video intercom is connected to the lock, as well as other elements, through the controller. In this case, the four-wire wire is already used. When connecting a video intercom, follow these steps:

• The communication panel located outside the room and the device must be connected. Often the communication panel and the reader are located in one place.
• Make a power connection from the doorphone to the controller.
• In addition, connect the lock and the controller to allow the locking mechanism to open with a video intercom.
• Connect the panel to the controller.

Lock control capabilities

All control of the electromagnetic lock is made by means of the controller. That, in turn, has the following functions:

• Transmission of the lock opening signal;
• Power supply for fixing the locking mechanism;
• Key encoding.

Already before you start using the lock you need to configure all the keys. This is done as follows:

• At the first connection, the key that comes in the kit is brought to the controller.
• The controller must be switched to the jumper recording mode.
• After that, the remaining keys are brought to the reader and programmed.
• The controller must be put into operation mode.

When all keys are prepared, the lock is automatically locked, and you can open it with one of the complete sets of ready-made keys.

Lock on the gate

The installation of the electromagnetic lock on the gate can be carried out independently. This will require the same set of tools as for mounting on the door. The sequence of actions is as follows:

• The holes in the metal frame of the wicket are smaller than the screws.
• Fastening of the lock is carried out by self-tapping screws.
• The answer plate on the wicket gate is fixed.
• The wires from the reader are passed through the far body of the wicket, while fixing the device on the fence or gate wicket.
• The controller is installed at a convenient distance and in a place, so that it would be convenient to further read the keys from it.
• On the inside of the wicket, an opening button is installed.

After these manipulations, it is necessary to connect an electromagnetic lock, the installation of which was made on the fence gate. The wires are connected to the reader and the terminals. Throughout the entire wiring it must be hidden in a special plastic tray that protects against moisture and other weather conditions. After successful programming, you can start using it.

So, we figured out how to install an electromagnetic lock with our own hands.