Disease of the blood: symptoms in adults and treatment. Blood cancer (leukemia): symptoms, causes and treatment

Blood circulates through the circulatory system, carries the gases and dissolved substances in it, which are formed as a result of metabolic processes. Almost all processes in the body are connected with it. This is digestion, and breathing - without them life is impossible. The regulation of body temperature is also directly related to blood. Science, which studies blood, hemopoiesis organs, blood diseases, treatment and diagnostics is called hematology. Unfortunately, blood diseases are still not fully understood, and a disease like blood cancer can not always be cured. The main thing - to recognize the disease at an early stage, then the chances to win much more.

Consider blood diseases, symptoms and treatment of blood diseases.

Diseases of the blood

Blood consists of plasma and uniform elements: erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets. Their content in a healthy body is maintained at a constant level. If there is a strong bias in one direction or another, you can already talk about problems.

Based on the composition of blood, you can divide the disease into four groups.

1. Violation of the functions and structure of red blood cells. These are diseases such as:

• Anemia.
• Anemia.
• Polycythemia.

2. Violation of the functions and structure of leukocytes. These include:

• Leukopenia.
• Leukemia.
• Lymphopenia.

3. Violation of the functions and structure of platelet cells. Include the following diseases:

• Thrombocytosis.
• Thrombocytopenia.

4. Change in the properties of blood plasma:

• Radiation sickness.
• Hemophilia.
• Agammaglobulinemia.
• The tendency to bleeding is also fraught with a blood disease.

Symptoms in adults in the first stages may not attract attention, but they can not be ignored.

Symptomatology of blood diseases

The problem lies in the fact that blood diseases often manifest symptoms similar to many other diseases. Here are some possible signs that indicate a problem with blood:

• Weakness.
• Poor health for no apparent reason.
• Frequent headaches.
• Dizziness.
• Rapid fatigue.
• Pain in the heart, tachycardia.

• Pallor.
• Noise in ears.
• Visual impairment.
• Can itch itchy.
• Exacerbation of chronic diseases.

All these symptoms are typical for many diseases, but if they are, therefore, the immunity is weakened, and this is an occasion to consult a doctor. Very dangerous is the blood disease, the symptoms in adult patients, seen by a patient or a doctor, can not be ignored.

Causes of the disease

Diseases of the blood have been studied for a long time, and there are studies that have shown that there is a genetic predisposition to these problems.

If there were any cases of blood disease in the family, then it is necessary to keep the situation under control: more often to take tests, undergo examination of doctors, consult a hematologist.

Now consider the causes of some blood diseases.

1. Anemia is a deficiency in the body of iron, vitamin B ₁₂ , folic acid, a decrease in the level of hemoglobin. Anemia occurs for different reasons. It:

• A drop in hemoglobin.
• Destruction of red cell cells in a very short period of time - this condition is called hemolytic anemia.
• Regular short bleeding or a strong one-time loss of blood - posthemorrhagic anemia.

2. Leukemia. This serious disease is not fully understood. But it is known that a great role is played by hereditary predisposition, ionizing radiation, chemical substances, viruses.

Most often, the disease is caused by a number of reasons that only aggravate the situation.

Disease of blood in children

If there is a blood disease, the symptoms in adults and children are very similar. However, the immunity of a child is much stronger than that of an adult, and if the disease is recognized in time, the chances of recovery are much higher. Parents should be alerted to the following symptoms:

• Frequent colds.
• Fast fatiguability.
• Poor appetite.
• Pale skin.
• Frequent bleeding that is difficult to stop.
• Multiple appearance of bruises on the body.

A large percentage of children suffer from anemia. Therefore, it is very important that the child receives proper nutrition with enough vitamins and useful amino acids. Particular attention should be given to children with a genetic predisposition.

Let us dwell on such a disease as blood cancer - leukemia. Symptoms, causes and treatment are discussed below. Annually, a huge number of patients with this problem are registered.

Symptoms of blood cancer

What is blood cancer, how to identify and treat? Symptoms in adults at first do not attract special attention. Often, worsening of health condition is noticed by close people. The patient is observed:

• Weakness.
• Frequent dizziness.
• The rise in temperature for no reason.
• Pallor, dryness, jaundice of the skin is possible.
• Weight loss and loss of appetite.
• Pain in the bones.
• Enlargement of lymph nodes.
• There may be rashes on the skin.
• Excessive drowsiness and irritability.

This is characteristic of a disease such as blood cancer, symptoms. The blood test in adult patients should be the first in the methods of research and diagnosis, but not the main one. A thorough examination should be used to confirm the presence of the disease.

What is blood cancer? It is a tumor that develops from one bone marrow cell through uncontrolled division, while it displaces healthy cells. And only leukocytes are regenerated, hence another name for blood cancer - leukemia. There are several types of this dangerous disease:

1. Leukemia is a tumor from the brain cells.
2. Acute leukemia - proceeds aggressively, affecting young, immature blood cells.
3. Chronic leukemia - from mature cells, flows more easily.
4. Hematosarcoma is extremely malignant, formed from lymphatic tissue.

It is possible to make an accurate diagnosis only after a thorough examination.

Diagnosis of blood cancer

Medicine does not stand still, there are many different methods of examination, and the diagnosis is not made by one blood test. The doctor will prescribe the necessary studies, if there are suspicions, symptoms, signs of blood cancer. In adults The following survey will be conducted:

1. Blood chemistry.
2. Puncture of bone marrow. Histological examination.
3. Cytochemistry.
4. Immunocytochemistry.
5. Flow cytometry.
6. Molecular genetic research.
7. Cytogenetics.
8. CT scan.
9. MRI.
10. Ultrasound examination.

All these procedures are necessary in order to detect and recognize tumor cells. If a tumor is found, it is necessary to know its nature for treatment. Possessing such data, thanks to modern methods of diagnosis, the doctor can choose the right treatment, the necessary drugs for a specific type of tumor.

Causes of the disease

Now it is clear what are the symptoms of blood cancer. Causes of blood cancer can be very different, they are not fully understood. Clearly only one thing is that this is one of the most dangerous diseases. But there are some risk factors:

• Genetic predisposition to cell mutations.
• Influence of radioactive radiation.
• Work on harmful production.
• Chemotherapy and certain medications.
• The impact of viruses that affect healthy cells. Particularly noteworthy is the human immunodeficiency virus.
• Smoking and drinking.

Treatment of blood cancer

Regardless of who has the blood disease, the symptoms in adults and children are similar in many ways, and the methods of treatment are almost identical.

Given the type of tumor (and this can be determined by using a diagnosis), treatment is prescribed. It is impossible to delay with therapy, as the disease can progress very quickly. Treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor in a hematological hospital.

Of course, the main way is a course of chemotherapy. Another use of blood transfusion, the prevention of infectious complications, the reduction of intoxication.

The newest invention is the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. This method of treatment gives excellent results. After the operation, the immune system is restored and becomes better even in those patients to whom medications have been poorly helped.

Prevention of blood diseases

Despite the fact that it is almost impossible to predict the appearance of blood diseases, preventive measures aimed at reducing the risks of blood diseases are still available:

1. It is necessary to diagnose and treat diseases that are accompanied by blood loss in time.
2. If there is blood loss, it is necessary to take iron preparations, vitamin B ₁₂ and folic acid.
3. This should also be done by donors, pregnant, nursing, and also women with heavy menstruation.
4. Eliminate the effects of radiation, chemicals.
5. In hemophilia, vaccines are contraindicated.
6. It is not recommended unreasonable blood transfusion from different donors.
7. When working in harmful production, every year to undergo an examination and take a blood test.
8. The negative influence of smoking on the hematopoiesis system has been proved.

Still, science has not yet fully studied the disease of the blood. Classification, symptoms and treatment, discussed above, indicate that a person still tries to defeat this disease, so there are people's means of fighting these diseases.

Folk remedies for blood disease

Since ancient times medicinal plants have been used for the treatment of diseases.

So, when treating anemia, it is recommended to take:

• Tincture of dog rose. It is rich in vitamin C, improves metabolism and cleanses the circulatory system.
• A good remedy for anemia - carrots, grated, it should be mixed with sour cream and eat whenever you want.
• It is also recommended to eat as much garlic as possible, or tincture, prepared in this way: clean 300 grams of garlic, pour alcohol, insist in a dark place for 21 days. Take 20 drops before meals, stirring in a glass of milk.
• To reduce bleeding during hemophilia, you can take an underground peanut at 100 grams before eating.
• For the treatment of sepsis, blood cleansers are used . For this, cranberry juice has proved its worth. To achieve the desired effect, you need to take it every day for half a cup three times a day in the first week, twice - in the second, and once - in the third.

The use of folk remedies does not exclude drug treatment. Only in a complex the various methods of therapy can give a positive result. Take care of your health, do not self-medicate, only in this case you can guarantee a high chance of recovery.