Description and types of facades. Facade mounting

The facade of any building should perform two main functions. The first is to ensure the protection of external walls from the aggressive effects of the environment. The second is expressed in the decoration of the building, because it is the facade that determines the architectural style of the structure. But before the finish, you need to understand what kinds of facades exist, what features and characteristics they have.

The main varieties

Facades can be dry and wet. In the first case, the systems are equipped without the use of building and glue solutions. Elements are fixed by mechanical fasteners by the type of nails, dowels, screws, etc. For example, dry is the siding facade and other materials of this type.

Considering the types of facades, it is worth paying attention to those that are equipped with wet technology, for this, construction mixtures are used. This variety includes plaster facades and systems, which are finished, for example, with clinker tiles, because for it there is a need for using a glue mixture. Each owner of a house for one family compares these systems before starting work. Clear facades have a clear advantage, because they can be arranged year-round, without taking into account the weather conditions. But the wet system can ensure the integrity of the external walls.

Description of ventilated and non-ventilated facades

Additional classification of facades are ventilated and non-ventilated systems. The first version assumes the organization of a gap between the wall and the finishing material. The wall of the house can additionally be insulated, as well as covered with a windproof film.

In the air gap, air will circulate freely, eliminating dampness and moisture, which can result from condensation on the inside of the decorative material. In addition, moisture can come from the inside in the form of steam. Materials at the same time are protected reliably, and the building overlaps longer, while the insulation is protected from atmospheric phenomena such as rain, snow and wind.

Considering the types of facades, pay attention to non-ventilated systems that are equipped when there is no need for external thermal insulation. If the walls do not breathe, then mounting the ventilated facade can be discarded. For example, clinker tiles can be fixed directly to the walls themselves.

Advice of a specialist

If you want to improve the exterior walls of a wooden house, you should prefer a ventilated facade, because the wood is breathing and will give off moisture. If you do not equip the gap, the design will begin to rot.

For reference

Types of facades, which are called ventilated, provide for the use of not only dry, but wet methods of installation. If a wooden house you want to tile, then you can act on a certain algorithm. On the ceiling, a crate is installed, which will provide an air gap. In this space, if necessary, you can lay a heater and a windproof film. At the next stage, the OSB is installed on the fence, then you can start laying the tile.

Varieties of materials for finishing the facade

If you want to choose the best façade for your home, you need to consider not only the design features of the future system, but also the materials. To begin with, you should pay attention to traditional and popular materials. Here you can include clinker brick and artificial stone. The latter option is used quite actively for the cladding of external walls, because it has a negligible weight and quality of moisture and durability.

The cost of such material is relatively small, among other things, it is durable. In appearance, the facade is almost nothing different from what consists of natural stone. Clinker brick has also proved itself in the decoration of facades, its small water permeability and smooth texture make the walls less marquee. The facade is durable and shows itself well in all climatic conditions.

Use of facade plaster

Considering the types of facades of houses, you can learn more about those that are equipped with plaster. After application, it can be painted in any color, the material has a low cost and can be combined with different types of finishes. The most popular in this case are acrylic as well as silicone plasters. The first option is the cheapest, it has excellent moisture-insulating qualities and is used for thermal insulation of facades with expanded polystyrene. There is a minus here, which is expressed in low elasticity, which can cause microcracks and damage during temperature changes.

If you still can not decide which types of facades are most suitable for you, then you should pay attention to silicone plaster, which is more expensive but lacks other drawbacks. The material is waterproof, perfectly undergoes negative influence of external factors, serves a long time and does not lose its original appearance.

Alternative finishes

If you have not approached any of the above options, then you can choose panels or facade tiles. The tile differs from finishing with natural or artificial stone with only thickness and laying technology. Fixation to the base is done by glueing. If you use panels, then with their help you can equip a ventilated facade, which insulates the walls.

Considering the types of facades of buildings, you may prefer finishing with block house or lining. The naturalness of these materials is provided by a noble and lively and kind. External wall defects can be hidden, because they often have brick and wooden facades. If you properly care for such a finish, then it will last more than 25 years.

Facing requires the arrangement of a ventilated system. If you want to reliably protect the facade from the weather, you can use a siding that looks attractive and lasts long enough. Suitable and thermo panels, which act as a new finishing material, combining aesthetic appeal and reliability. The material also has a thermal inner layer.

Installation of ventilated facade from porcelain tiles: preparation

Above were types of facade decoration. If you decide to choose a hanging system, then as a decorative material for it you can prefer granite. At the first stage of installation works marking is carried out. The master should define the bottom line, which is carried out horizontally.

Next, two extreme lines are defined, which will be drawn vertically. In the walls with the help of a puncher you will need to drill holes for mounting brackets. The holes are fitted with a paronit cushion, and then you can move on to mounting the brackets, using a screwdriver and anchor dowels.

Methods of work

At the next stage it is possible to proceed to the installation of a windproof and heat insulation layer. It is necessary to strengthen the heat-insulating plate through the slots for the brackets. Next, the canvas and wind protection are hung, everything is temporarily fixed. Through the film and the plates of the heater, it is necessary to drill holes in the wall where the dowels are inserted. From the bottom row you need to install the insulation plates. Plates should be placed horizontally in staggered order. There should not be any gaps between them.

To the adjusting brackets, the vertical guides are fixed in the next step. The profile is installed in the grooves of the bearing and support brackets. Different types of façade material are now available for sale, but the most common for ventilated systems is porcelain stoneware. To fix it, you should use the clamps, which are located in the holes made by the electric drill. Clamps are installed in accordance with the project and fixed by rivets to the profile of the frame through the drilled holes.

The ceramic tiles can be installed with visible seams. This method is the simplest. However, you can mask the seams by painting them in the same color as the tile itself. If the decorative material you will install without a visible seam, the porcelain should be fixed to the guides with the help of a horizontal cut.

Selection of plaster

Types of modern facades are equipped with different materials. If you decide to use plaster, then one of the modern market is suitable for this. For example, a granular mixture is called pebble, but to get a texture effect with a furrowed structure, you should select "bark beetle". Prefering plaster in the form of a mosaic, you choose a facade that will have in the composition of transparent pieces of resin, looking like colored stones.

Finishing of the facade with plaster: preparation of tools and materials

Different types of work on the facade require certain external conditions. For example, plaster can be carried out in sunny dry weather. However, it is important to prepare also tools and materials, among them:

• primer;
• Set of beacons;
• Reinforcing mesh;
• Set of spatulas.

The primer will be needed for the protective treatment of the facade, and beacons will be required to control the laid layers. In order to avoid the appearance of cracks, you need to stock up the reinforcing mesh. But in addition to a set of spatulas, you will need a special rule, knives and graters.

Application of plaster

Not all types of finishing the facade of the house will be by force to an ordinary home master. Therefore, before starting work, you need to evaluate your capabilities. Before applying the plaster, the façade must be cleaned of old materials. The walls are free of dirt and dust. If there are defects and cracks, they should be eliminated. At the next stage, the wall is primed, and then the mesh strengthens it. After this, you need to prepare a solution, the volume of which must match that which you can work out in a certain time.

The solution is applied by spraying or by injecting liquid under pressure. The first layer will be cosmetic, it eliminates irregularities and cracks. After it has dried, you can start applying the second layer, after cleaning the beacons from the mixture that has fallen on them. This layer should be equipped with a more dense mass.

It is not necessary to block lighthouses, because they will start to slide under their own weight. Such types of facing facades are usually trusted by specialists, because they know all the nuances of technology. At the final stage, you need to wipe the surface using the rule, but you need to do this after evaporating the moisture from the plaster. On the dried mixture can be applied paint, which will make the facade more attractive.