Certification of quality systems. The structure of the certification system

Certification of systems for quality assurance, which is necessary to harmonize with the ISO 9000 series, is well developed in many countries. In Russia in due time also have paid to this attention and began to be guided by it. A special need arises for goods that are produced for export. Manufacturers have already evaluated the importance of system certification.

Advantages

It is believed that this institute has many advantages. First, it serves as a proof of the reliability of the manufacturer's company. Even banks are much quicker to give credit to such firms. Insurance companies, in turn, would rather insure them against damage for unscrupulous products. Certification of quality systems is a significant argument when concluding a contract. If a company is sued for a substandard product, this document will prove the absence of the producer's fault.

Secondly, it is an important condition for the possibility of the company's participation in tenders. In addition, the procedure will necessarily affect the affairs of the manufacturer in the most positive way. After all, when implementing this action aimed at obtaining a certificate, the affairs of the company, as a rule, are put in order. Thus, the procedure itself becomes easier and less prolonged.

Certification of quality systems shows the enterprise's ability to produce goods of the claimed sample. Therefore, it acquires the ability to become competitive in any market. This is especially true for Russian companies that are planning to export their products in the future. They have more opportunities for its implementation at decent prices. At least, the experience of many companies that have faced such a problem in the past is now convinced of the need for such a document.

A bit of history

In 1995, the State Standard Committee adopted a program according to which the certification of quality systems in Russia under the name "Quality System Register" began to develop. It approves the voluntary procedure for the procedure, being at the same time part of the state system of GOST R. The latter is mandatory certification of quality systems. The decision to conduct a voluntary procedure was motivated by the fact that the state document of Russia is well recognized in other countries. Therefore, the sign of conformity is very similar to the state one.

State standards and certification objectives

The purpose of introducing the institute was to obtain even greater recognition of Russian documents abroad. The main activities are:

• Certification of production;
• Monitoring;
• Cooperation between states.

The activities of this body are governed by the following state standards.

1. Rules for the certification of quality systems.
2. Register of quality systems.
3. The procedure for the certification of quality systems.
4. The procedure for certification of productions.
5. Register, inspection control of certified systems.

In addition, a number of documents have been adopted that reflect the international ISO standards by the cover method. These are the acts that regulate the model of quality assurance in the design, development, installation, maintenance, monitoring and testing.

In the State Standard there is a technical center of the Register. It organizes the functioning of the norms of the system by education, implements the state policy on quality and production certification, and also informs the interested persons about the existence of experience in this field.

Principles

All standards have a number of principles through which the structure of the certification system is organized, its procedure, and also the control is carried out. We list them.

1. Voluntariness.
2. Objectivity.
3. No discrimination.
4. Confidentiality.
5. Definition of the region.
6. Awareness.
7. Verification of compliance for the implementation of appropriate requirements.

The bodies of certification systems

The structure of the Register includes the following bodies.

1. Gosstandart.
2. Technical Center.
3. Council on certification.
4. Commission on appeal.
5. Scientific and methodological committee.
6. Certifying bodies.

The State Standard Committee approves the structure of the Register, solves questions regarding its development, reviews the main rules and principles of work, controls activities, and also participates in the appeal committee.

The Technical Center organizes and monitors the process, takes part in inspection activities, as well as accredits of experts, maintains the Register, suspends or revokes certificates, informs and contacts foreign organizations of the same profile. In addition, it can be assigned and other tasks.

The Certification Council is an advisory body developing appropriate decisions on the work of the Register. It includes specialists from different organizations.

The Commission is formed by the Technical Center. It consists of experts and works only if there is such a need.

The Scientific and Methodological Committee is engaged in the development of documents for participation in the Council and the Commission, the formation of a database and documents, the development of programs aimed at obtaining experts the necessary knowledge of luggage and more.

The bodies where certification of product quality management systems are directly carried out , in addition, formalize results, inspect enterprises, and develop interaction between structural divisions.

Special organizations monitor the quality and inform the certification body or the Technical Center. If necessary, they adjust the results of inspections, inform the relevant body about changes in production and so on.

Pre-procedure activities

Three GOSTs, namely: 40.003-96, 40.004-96 and 40.005-96, are aimed at interaction between certifying bodies and applicants even before the procedure begins. According to them, verification is carried out and a decision is made to issue the document, control and joint actions of the organizations with the Technical Center. They are in accordance with international rules, thus creating conditions for recognition in other countries, and joining the international system.

At the same time, the Russian system of standardization and certification is somewhat different, as it has, among other things, a procedure for obtaining a document in production. But usually enterprises first pass this type. Then they start to work on quality, because the latter is more complicated in comparison in the previous one.

System steps

Thus, the structure of the certification system "Register" consists of two stages. State standards and the procedure for their accreditation are being developed. This mainly applies to bodies that conduct certification. They have competence verified. Also, conditions are created to attract good specialists from outside. Advantage will be the popularity of the organization abroad. In addition, it must have all the necessary equipment for documented quality assessment procedures. Here, also, production certification is carried out. However, the issuance of the document belongs to another organization, since for this possibility other accreditation is necessary.

Russian certification systems consist of three stages.

1. Correspondence.
2. Final check and evaluation.
3. Inspection control.

Correspondence system

At this stage, a preliminary assessment is provided, which is necessary to identify the potential for the expert to undergo the procedure. Also, its expediency is considered at a particular enterprise. The applicant submits an application to which he encloses a document on the quality policy, guidance on it and a questionnaire with answers. With positive results, the decision is made on the next step.

Final inspection

At this stage, the status is checked:

• Activities to regulate quality issues;
• Production systems;
• Product quality.

The activity is inspected to ensure that the available parts meet the requirements that are included in the ISO 9000 series standard or similar Russian certification systems.

Conclusions can have such forms.

1. Full compliance - then immediately issued a certificate.
2. In general, the answer is positive, but there are some deviations. In this case, the period during which the activity should be brought back to normal is assigned.
3. Complete discrepancy. Then the enterprise can repeat the procedure, only thoroughly prepared for it. The program will be repeated anew.

Inspection control

It can take place in planned and unplanned modes. In the latter case, control is appointed if qualitative claims are received by the certification authority or significant changes are made to the manufacturing process or to its construction. It can also be carried out in the event that the structure of the organization and the staff at the enterprise change.

Joint certification

In addition to the above, the "Register" provides other possibilities. So, there can be not only a national certification system, but also a joint system with similar organizations in other countries. For example, VNIIS entered into a similar agreement with the world-famous company Det Norske Veritas. The goal in this case was voluntary certification to improve the competitive background of Russian companies and their products.

Thus, companies acquire the opportunity, at will, to receive a document from two bodies or from either of them separately. In this, incidentally, not only domestic producers are interested. Italians, entering the Russian market, also need relevant documentation.

The rules of the certification system allow Russian producers to also directly apply to any firms that carry out relevant activities in the world.

The joint procedure is aimed not only at issuing the document of the required sample. It consists in the implementation of the task of providing quality compliance to domestic standards at domestic enterprises.

Certification of production

This procedure is independent or is included in the receipt of the document for a quality system. The evaluation criterion here is the ability of products to meet certain requirements contained in documents. The structure of the certification system consists of rules established by the State Standard. They provide a procedure for conducting the procedure at each enterprise. The goal here is to obtain compliance with the requirements, with valid estimates and reproduced totals.

The objects are:

• finished products;
• Technological system;
• maintenance;
• System of technical control and testing.

Preparation of the company always affects its activities positively. So, in practice it is noticed that communication with consumers improves, discipline in production increases, various stability criteria are developed, the main links influencing the characteristics of products are revealed, and so on.

For each species is assumed its own scheme. So, if the systems of mandatory certification are implemented, scheme 5 is chosen. Then the tests are conducted in special laboratories. The scheme is also used in sensitive production technology to external influences, as well as in cases where the shelf life is very small, and the enterprise modifies its goods.