Central and peripheral intravenous catheters

Intravenous catheters are medical instruments that have the shape of a tube and are used to administer medications, as well as flushing vessels and natural canals. Each catheter is equipped with a needle that is inserted into the vein cavity, and a special tube through which the liquid enters the body. Such medical devices must be fixed on the human skin, so they are attached using suture material or a conventional patch.

Indications for use of the catheter:

- the need for transfusion of blood components;

- urgent conditions that require rapid access to the bloodstream;

- parenteral nutrition ;

- Hydration or hyperhydration of the body;

- rapid and accurate administration of the drug at the desired concentration.

Types of catheters

There are intravenous catheters soft and rigid. To soft include catheters made from rubber or polyvinyl chloride, usually such tools are used in various therapeutic and surgical procedures. Stiff same catheters are made of metal, which allows them to be used effectively for diagnostic purposes. All vascular catheters are divided into central and peripheral, in turn, the latter are divided into arterial and venous. The intravenous peripheral catheter, mounted on the superficial veins, allows solving a variety of medical tasks, while the risk of traumatizing the patient is minimal. With this device, you can enter the necessary drugs directly into the circulatory system, as well as carry out detoxification or blood sampling for laboratory tests. The intravenous catheter with the port allows the introduction of additional medicinal solutions without the need to re-insert the needle.

Intravenous manipulations involving a venous catheter:

- administration of medicinal solutions to patients who are not able to take oral medications;

- frequent intravenous therapy for chronic diseases;

- invasive examination of blood pressure;

- blood transfusion ;

- Blood sampling for conducting clinical tests that enable to determine liver function parameters, glucose tolerance, plasma content of drugs, and to examine electrolytes, urea and withdraw the blood formula;

- rapid access to the bloodstream for emergency infusion of drugs at high speed.

Carrying out a catheterization

Intravenous catheters are made from the latest hypoallergenic materials, which are designed for single use, which simplifies the work of medical workers and ensures maximum sterility. The effectiveness of intravenous therapy largely depends on the right choice of venous access, taking into account the patient's preferences, as well as the best puncture site and the suitability of the chosen vessel. It should be noted that intravenous catheters are widely used in various fields of modern medicine: resuscitation, anesthesiology, urology, general surgery, gynecology, therapy, gastroenterology and numerous diagnostic procedures.