Cadastral valuation of land plots: procedure, methods and results

People's life is connected with the land. Various transactions can be conducted with it. It is often required to know its profitability and usefulness. That is why the cadastral valuation of land plots is being carried out . The procedure is carried out according to generally accepted rules. The plot of the cadastral number can be found to request the necessary information.

About the event

The cadastral valuation of land plots is an applied economic analysis of supply and demand for use and determining the exact price of plots. All valuation options, including cadastral, are necessary to establish the monetary expression of the land price.

The cadastral valuation of land differs from the rest by what is considered the main indicator for taxation and is carried out by a mass method. As a result, the territory is divided into parts, the price, the cadastral value and the market value are determined, which is considered suitable for sale in the market conditions.

The principles of the evaluation are established by law. Based on them, the value of different lands is determined. The norms of this procedure are prescribed in Article 66 of the RF LC.

What is it for?

Cadastral valuation of land plots is carried out for:

• The possibility of registration of donation, rent, sale transactions;
• Obtaining loans in which the land will be pledged;
• In case of property disputes;
• Collection of documents by bailiffs;
• Privatization;
• Insurance;
• Investment valuation;
• Attracting shareholders;
• Enterprise valuation;
• Use of the object as an authorized capital;
• Damage assessment;
• Formation of taxation.

For these activities, it is necessary. The cadastral valuation of land in all cases is standard.

Features of evaluation

The Earth has features that affect the results of the assessment:

• They will not be the result of labor;
• Are limited in space;
• Can not be replaced by other means;
• Have a permanent location;
• If used correctly, do not become unusable;
• Have different quality in different areas;
• Have their useful characteristics;
• Have the property of fertility;
• Are considered a spatial support in various spheres of activity.

The concepts of "land" and "land" have several differences. The earth is called a territory that has not been developed and has no improvements. A site is a territory where improvements have been made for a specific purpose.

Types of improvements

Changes can be:

1. External (erection of communications, roads, streets).
2. Internal (landscaping, planning, construction works).

Assessment is used for all types of land. A standard property includes land and buildings. Cadastral valuation of land plots is carried out for each object. The event is often held not with property, but with leased property. Then the lease rights are evaluated.

Mass and single

In world practice, there are two options for evaluation:

1. The mass. Used for several sites in a large area.
2. Single. It is applied systematically. The procedure requires a thorough analysis of the existing market.

Analysis of maximum efficiency

During the assessment, it is necessary to establish an effective method of land use. For this, many factors are taken into account:

• Location;
• Market situation;
• Financial expenses;
• Physical characteristics and the possibility of implementing improvements;
• The physical feasibility of the project;
• Technological feasibility;
• Conformity of purpose and use;
• Establishment of profitability.

State cadastral valuation of land can be carried out in different ways. Each of them has its own characteristics.

Normative method

Sets the normative cost of the site. It is used when:

• Transfer to ownership or redemption;
• Gift or registration as inheritance;
• Seizure by the state;
• Obtaining a loan.
• Establishment of shared cost.

When a state cadastral valuation of an object consisting of land with the right to own a lease is carried out, the cost is determined on the basis of the costs established with its withdrawal for construction.

Method of comparison of sales

It is considered an effective and convenient method. To determine the price of land, you need to assess the position of the market. If the appraiser has no examples of transactions, current demand should be taken into account.

Are taken into account:

• ownership;
• Market situation;
• Terms of sale;
• Terms of financing;
• Location of the facility;
• Presence of engineering structures;
• physical characteristics;
• Zoning;
• Public utilities;
• Options for effective use;
• economic situation.

This approach provides an opportunity to obtain accurate results.

The method of capitalization of land rent

With this method, you will be able to process information on rental rates on the land and set their price as rental income. The fee is capitalized in the form of a regular income. The indicators of the procedure are established based on sales and lease costs. There is a formula by which the price of the land is met. The result is equal to the amount of rental income divided by the capitalization indicator. The last rate is calculated by dividing the sums of the rental price of similar lots by their price.

The rent is determined by:

• Location of the site;
• Form;
• Size;
• Presence of engineering structures;
• Transport communication;
• Type of land use.

In Russia, land is leased from the state or the municipality. The rate is set at the normative cost, which is not always equal to the market price.

Distribution method

The object of cadastral valuation is analyzed with the help of the ratio of the cost of the plot and buildings. The method is more suitable for new buildings, which must meet the best use of land. The territory under the old objects will have a large share in the cost of the object in comparison with the building.

For this method, you need to have information about the relationship between the price of buildings and lands of a particular type. The results of the event will be indicative, unreliable.

Selection method

The cost of the site on which the buildings are present is determined, and if there is information about the amounts of transactions with similar real estate. With this option it is necessary to perform the procedure in the established sequence:

• Comparative elements of objects are established;
• Differences from the assessed territory are determined;
• The adjustment is performed;
• Market value is approved;
• The price of improvements is determined;
• The value of the land is established.

This option is suitable for land where there are small buildings. It is used in the absence of normal activity on the market.

Balance method

There is an assessment of land, which should be improved by buildings for profit. We are working on the following stages:

• The income from the object is established;
• The income from buildings is determined;
• Income is capitalized.

Stakeout method

The Federal Cadastral Service includes information on lands. For estimation, the method of dividing land into plots can be used. It is executed in the following sequence:

• Determine the number and size of sites;
• The cost is determined;
• The costs are calculated;
• The net profit is determined;
• The discount rate is set, in which the risks will be reflected.

For the development of the land will require the costs of clearing the territory, planning and division into plots, the erection of the engineering system, roads, salaries for employees, insurance, advertising.

Order of conduct

Such work can be performed by appraisal institutions. The procedure can be divided into the following stages:

1. The contract is formalized. To compile it, you need to know the purpose of the work, the standards, the category of land, the type of use, the option of ownership, restrictions, information from the cadastre, the presence of buildings.
2. The work execution date is assigned.
3. Information is collected and analyzed: documents, characteristics, description, features of the land.
4. Economic indicators are taken into account.
5. Organized inspection of the object and territory.
6. Documentation is prepared.
7. The analysis of the real estate market is being carried out.
8. An evaluation option is established.
9. The results are consistent.
10. A report is compiled.

The Federal Cadastre Agency contains information on real estate, including land. When carrying out various transactions, requests from this organization are needed.

Report

The results of cadastral valuation of land are formalized in the form of a written report. Its content should be as required by federal legislation. In practice, there is no single form of the report, so all organizations can provide documents that are different in appearance.

But the information, the form of the event and the results must meet the following requirements:

• Availability of data on cost;
• Content and method of evaluation;
• Verification of results;
• Reasonable information;
• The principle of uniqueness;
• Interpretation of terms;
• Verifiability;
• Absence of intermediate optional information.

When writing a report, the performer must transmit the results in time, indicate the date of implementation, the standards. When determining the value, its criteria are fixed. The report will contain important data on the method used. The report is numbered and stitched, signed and stamped.

If the site is known by cadastral number, it will be very easy to find the necessary information about it. The cost of an event is determined by the area of the site, its location and the tasks assigned. In all regions of the country the price is different, but the average is 2 thousand rubles. The evaluation is not more than 5 working days.

The definition of cadastral value will allow the sale of the plot at an appropriate price. As it changes, the procedure must be performed before the transaction. The cost changes because of the change in destination. The procedure is necessary for the correct registration of various transactions with land.