Award weapons of the Russian Federation: photo, permission to carry, storage, how to get a premium weapon

Award-winning weapons have long been considered an honorable gift for showing valor in combat. As a rule, it is nominal. It can be both cold and firearms. About him and will be discussed in the article.

Military traditions of rewarding

Even in ancient times, Russian soldiers, who distinguished themselves in battle bravery and courage, were awarded honorable weapons. And the reward was given by the king himself.

Award weapons (usually checkers, sabers or broadswords) had a high-quality damascus blade, adorned with precious stones. And it was not just a reward and not just a weapon. Such a gift was considered a symbol of honor and dignity of a combat officer, whether it was a dagger of a naval officer or a sword given to a nobleman. When the officer lost his honor, the award weapon broke over his head as a symbol of shame.

The case is known when after the February Revolution the Black Sea Fleet began to collapse (as a result of the influence of Bolshevik propaganda), Admiral Kolchak announced that he was relieving himself of the commander's authority and thrown over his award weapon - the golden saber presented to him for Port Arthur. The act of a true officer caused a resonance both in the domestic and foreign press.

In the era of Peter and after

In the era of the reign of Emperor Peter the Great, award weapons were given to both regular army officers for combat merit, and servicemen of irregular troops - heterogeneous paramilitary formations, people's militia, detachments of various composition and purpose.

In St. Petersburg, in the Artillery Museum on the Kronverkskaya Embankment, you can find the award-winning sword, on the blade of which is inscribed: "For Poltava. Year 1709 ». Admiral Apraksin was one of the first to be awarded the award weapon in the form of a golden sword for the valor and successful capture of the fortress of Vyborg in 1710, which was occupied by the Swedes.

Under Peter II, Prince Mikhail Golitsyn received awards in the form of a sword and a cane, studded with diamonds, for a brilliant victory in the sea battle at Grengam. At the disposal of the prince was only 29 boats and 61 galleys - this is all that he could oppose the Swedish naval squadron. With strategic cunning, the prince lured the enemy into the shallows and attacked.

For the brilliant defeat of the enemy troops, he was awarded the above award. Officers were awarded a gold medal on the St. Andrew's ribbon, and rank ranks received medals from silver lower.

Jewelry is a thing of the past

Since 1774, the tradition of encrusting Russian award weapons is gradually disappearing into the past. In themselves sabers, swords and broadswords take a slightly different form: a gold hilt appears with the inscription "For Bravery".

The first person who was awarded such a high award was Field Marshal Prince A. Prozor for winning the battle in the Ochakovo Estuary.

For the capture of the fortress of Izmail during the war with the Ottoman Empire, many officers received many awards in the form of orders and medals, as well as gold weapons. Suvorov himself already had two golden swords at the time: one was awarded for peace between Russia and the Ottoman Port, the second was awarded for the victory on the river Rymnik.

The last recorded case, when an officer was awarded a weapon of gold, falls in 1796. We are talking about Matvey Ivanovich Platov and the Persian campaign, which was interrupted in connection with the coronation of Paul the First and the change in foreign policy.

Award weapons of Russia under Paul I

The gold weapon was abolished and replaced by another - the cross of the Order of St. Anne, placed in a circle, was fastened to the hilt with a red color. It was called "Anninsky", and in the process among the officers of the Russian fleet one could hear the expression "cranberry" when this award weapon was mentioned (see photo below).

Under Alexander I

The tradition continued. However, the sovereign resumed rewarding with a tool of gold. And also the officers awarded with such awards were equated with the knights of honorary orders and were put on special lists, which were published in the "Court calendars", an annual publication published since 1745.

In 1812, the Emperor Alexander issued a decree according to which the commanders of the troops were given the right to award weapons for bravery. But the letters of appreciation for the reward were approved personally by the tsar.

The further destiny of traditions of rewarding

In the era of the war of 1812, golden weapons were awarded to officers whose portraits can now be seen in the Hermitage's "Military Gallery". The same awards were given to future revolutionaries, and Kutuzov had the most expensive award sword, adorned with precious stones and golden wreaths.

General Skobelev was awarded three times:

• For the capture of Andijan in 1875;
• The Kokand campaign in 1876;
• Crossing the Balkans in 1878.

Rewarding of foreigners

Not infrequently foreign aliens were awarded honorable weapons. Among those are the Prussian General GL Blucher, the Duke of Austria, AJ Wellington, and Prince KF Schverzenberg. Awarded by Alexander I.

Twentieth Century. The White Guards

Many leaders of the White movement had a premium weapon.

• The creator of the volunteer army, Mikhail Vasilyevich Alekseev (received a gold sword with the inscription "For Bravery" for combat services during the Russo-Japanese War of 1906).
• Leader of the White movement of the South of Russia during the Civil War Anton Ivanovich Denikin (had two award-winning weapons: St. George's for the capture of Grodek in 1914, and St. George's with diamonds for the liberation of Lutsk in 1916).
• The previously mentioned Alexander Kolchak, who was approved for the post of the Supreme Ruler of Russia - a post that was later abolished.
• Commander in the north-western direction during the Civil War, Nikolai Yudenich (was awarded the gold weapon "For Bravery" for his services during the Russian-Japanese War).

Twentieth Century. Bolsheviks

The tradition was adopted by the Reds, but in their own way. The award weapon, formerly owned by Russian officers, underwent a slight change: crosses were taken from the hilt and the Order of the Red Banner was attached to their place, it was called "Honorary revolutionary weapon". This award was received by approximately 21 people during the Civil War, among them such as SS Kamenev, VI Shorin, SM Budenny, MN Tukhachevsky, IP Uborevich, MV Frunze , K. Ye. Voroshilov and SS Vostretsov.

December 1924 was marked by the first decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, according to which the firearm was included in the list of award weapons. On the handle of the revolver was applied a silver lining, on which was inscribed "To the Honorable RKKA Warrior from the Central Executive Committee of the USSR", and the Order of the Red Banner. They were handed to SS Kamenev and SM Budenny.

Award weapons of the Russian Federation today

The tradition has survived today. There is even a special law, according to which rewarding takes place. Practically in any department there are corresponding funds responsible for rewarding both cold and firearms. They are in the Ministry of Justice, the Prosecutor General's Office, as well as in the customs service and other law enforcement agencies.

The award weapon of the Russian Federation still has a unique design, is decorated with the symbolism of the corresponding structure, it is often on it that the initials of the person to whom it was handed are inscribed. Often you can see photos of exclusive samples of personal weapons on the shelves of museums. In their appearance, it's hard to believe that some of them used to shoot at one time: ornate handmade patterns, golden frames along the black contours of the body, a patterned handle.

There are even gift samples of guns, for which a box with tools for pulling sleeves is included.

Register of premium weapons

The list of military weapons, which can reward citizens of Russia, includes some samples of pistols caliber 5.45, 7.62 and a number of 9-millimeter. In connection with the adoption of the resolution of 20.01.2015, such pistols as Glok-26 and STEYR M-A1 were added.

The award weapon of the Russian Federation also includes daggers, both combat and artistic and decorative; Sabers, checkers and broadswords, as well as knives (not tactical and without a cartridge firing mechanism).

Who can be awarded

We should say a few words about the storage of premium weapons. In modern Russia, such awards can be awarded to the officers of the VV and the Ministry of Internal Affairs for many years of diligent and conscientious service. And also showed selflessness in the performance of their military or official duty, tasks associated with the threat of their own lives. The award weapons of the Russian Federation can be awarded for a significant contribution to the development of norms of control over the rule of law, the fight against crime, the strengthening and development of the structure of internal troops and the work of the bodies of the Russian Interior Ministry. That is, one must belong to a certain power structure or army.

According to official sources, many have a premium weapon. How to get it? The award is given directly by the Minister of Internal Affairs, and in his absence - by the deputy.

The heads of the relevant departments submit petitions for submission to the higher management for awards: internal affairs departments to the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and the command of military units to the commander-in-chief of internal troops according to the region of the army's deployment.

The presentation takes place in a solemn atmosphere personally in the hands of the recipient. A citizen, rewarded with such weapons, registers a gift in the licensing and licensing department of the nearest police station at the place of residence, after which he receives permission to store the award weapons.

Storage and not only

We must not forget that all the same measures should be taken as for self-defense weapons:

• Houses must be safe, which will be checked by the precinct;
• Weapons and cartridges to it are stored in the same safe;
• If the recipient lives on the first or last floors (or in a private house), installation of window grilles is necessary;
• May require the installation of an alarm.

Children's access to weapons should also be ensured. The safe should be in such a place, so as not to rash constantly in the eyes. The key to it should always be only one person - the owner of the gift.

To wear it is necessary in a holster (if it is a pistol) or in a special sheath-sheath (if it's a sword, dagger or saber).

It is necessary to strictly observe all the necessary rules for handling weapons even when shooting.

An employee dismissed for gross violation may be deprived of his award by decree of the Minister of Internal Affairs. In this case, his permission to store and bear the award weapons is considered invalid, and the reward itself is withdrawn.

In the structures that applied for the award of such weapons, as well as in licensing and authorization departments, a detailed account is kept of all persons to whom it was issued. Information is recorded to the nearest minute, when the permission for the award weapon was issued.

There are cases when for the high merits before the Fatherland the awardee is awarded an even higher honor after death - his weapon is not withdrawn and does not return to the warehouse, but is transferred to the local museum by the hunted. All proper storage conditions are respected. Thus, the name of the employee, valiantly fulfilling his military and official duty, is perpetuated forever in the history of the city. The museum has a special place where honorable weapons will be kept, the corner will be dedicated to the owner: his life, his service, and the guide will tell a rare or frequent visitor about exploits. Rumor will be transmitted from mouth to mouth, and the person's name will become immortal.

Conclusion

There is an opinion that in today's world it is not necessary to participate in battles in order to get award weapons. In fact, this is not so! Every day, security forces are heavily employed to ensure order in the streets of cities, villages and other settlements.

Dozens of special operations are daily carried out to identify and neutralize criminal groups and illegal terrorist gangs. In such conditions, employees are constantly exposed to danger. Each of them is waiting for mothers home, fathers, children and wives. But every day there is a risk that they will not wait.

And all this takes place away from human eyes, so that the population lives, slept and worked peacefully. Question: Do these people risk being those who can be awarded with award weapons? Answer: yes.

The question is whether this award is worth the trouble. After all, these people risk not themselves for the sake of reward, but for the sake of the peace of their families and the population.